[摘要] 目的 调查目前老年人的泪膜破裂时间的状况,了解对眼表面泪膜稳定性的相关因素。方法 随机选择≥60岁患者,共602眼,一人一卡,定点暗室,定人操作,用微量加样器定量,将2%荧光素7μl滴入下结膜囊内,在裂隙灯显微镜9mm钴兰光束下观察,用电子秒表同步记录出现第一个干燥斑的时间。结果 在温度为(21.50±2.37)℃,湿度为(63.96±13.17)%的条件下,泪膜破裂时间为(4.57±1.44)s。男女组间比较差异均有非常显著性(u=9.11,P<0.01)。结论 泪膜稳定性的下降正影响着老年人的健康生活质量;局部毒性可是药物本身对角膜上皮的毒性作用,也可是防腐剂所致的毒性作用;另外,环境污染也是影响泪膜稳定性的因素之一。
[关键词] 泪膜破裂时间;老年
Observation of tear film breakup time of aged person
LI Xiaoyan,YAN Xuejun,CAO Yongbao,et al.Department of Ophthalmology,Zhejiang Hospital,Hangzhou 310013,China
[Abstract] Objective To study the tear film breakup time of aged person to find out the affecting factors related to the stability of tear film of eyes.Methods Randomly selecting 602 eyes from adults above 60 years old,one recording card for one person.In specific darkroom and by specific operator,dropping 7 μl of 2%Fluorescein Sodium into conjunctiva bursa.Then observing its changes under microscope in 9mm cobalt blue beam of slit lampmicroscope and recording the time when the first dry macula is formed with a stopwatch.Results When temperature is (21.50±2.37)℃ and relative humidity is (63.96±13.17)%,the tear film breakup time is (4.57±1.44) seconds.There is statistically significant difference from sex (u=9.11,P<0.01).Conclusion The decline of stability of tear film is impact on the living quality of middleold aged persons.Partial toxicity effect is either caused by the drugs,or by antiseptic.In addition,the environmental pollution is also taken as one of affecting factors.
[Key words] tear film breakup time;aged person
国内、外少有专门研究老年人(≥60岁)的泪膜破裂时间及其影响因素[1],我省也缺乏专门对老年人泪膜破裂时间及其影响因素的调查。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 随机选择≥60岁患者301例,共602眼,男188例(376眼),女113例(226眼);平均年龄为(71.96±9.64)岁。
1.2 方法 一人一卡调查,定点暗室、定人操作,用微量加样器,将2%荧光素7μl滴入下结膜囊内,闭眼使泪膜均匀后睁眼,正视前方,在裂隙灯显微镜9mm钴兰光束下观察,用精确度为0.01s的电子秒表同步记录出现第一个干燥斑的时间,即泪膜破裂时间(breakup time,BUT)。连测3次取其平均值。
1.3 统计学方法 本组计量资料采用统计软件Mircrosoft Excel计算各种参数的均值、标准差,并进行组间比较,采用u检验[2]。
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