【摘要】 目的 探讨泪小管断裂吻合术的临床疗效。方法 对27例27眼下泪小管断裂患者在显微镜下,用自制弯泪道冲洗针输送尼龙线束于上、下泪小管中,行尼龙线束引导泪小管断端对接吻合术,术后尼龙线留置15~20天后抽出。结果 27例27眼泪小管断裂患者抽线后随访6~12个月,均无泪溢,冲洗通畅。结论 尼龙线束引导泪小管断端对接吻合手术快捷、无副损伤、疗程短、疗效可靠。
The operation of anastomosis of lacrimal duct laceration which leaded by nylon bunches Ma Juhua,Deng Enli,Yu Xiaobing. Department of Ophthalmology,the New Century Hospital,Dalian116031. 【Abstract】 Objective To search into the practical,fast simple and direct approches to anastomosis of lacrimal duct laceration.Methods Twenty seven cases(27eyes)of fresh or old lacrimal duct Laceration were treated through the operation which under the microscope and carried nylon bunches to the upper and lower tear ducts by No.5tear duct—washing stitch,and anastomosis of broaden ends leaded by nylon bunches.After the operation,the nylon bunches have been drawn out from tear ducts for15~20days.Results During an average follow up6~12months,twenty seven cases(27eyes)all recovered,no tears overflowing,and washing easy and smooth.Conclusion The operation of anastomosis of lacrimal duct laceration which leaded by nylon bunches is fast,simple,direct,having no para-impairment,and having a reliable creative effect.And the course of treatment is short. Key words leading by nylon bunches laceration of lacrimal duct anastomosis
泪小管断裂在内眦眼睑外伤中常见,修复方法很多 [1~3],多用植入硬膜外麻醉管或塑料管做引导。自1997年10月~2003年10月,笔者在实践中用尼龙线引导泪小管断端对接吻合治疗泪小管断裂,手术方法快捷、疗效可靠满意,报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 27例泪小管断裂患者,男24例,女3例。年龄最小15岁,最大63岁,平均35岁。右眼7例,左眼20例,均为单眼下泪小管断裂。挫裂伤6例、割裂伤21例。断端距下泪点6~7mm15例、>7mm12例,均在伤后12h内急诊手术。 1.2 治疗方法 用生理盐水加庆大霉素、地塞米松混合液冲洗伤口后,术区常规消毒铺无菌巾,用2%利多卡因加少许肾上腺素做筛前神经及眶下神经阻滞麻醉。在手术显微镜下进行泪小管断裂吻合及眼睑伤口整复手术。用自制弯泪道冲洗针头穿引5-0尼龙线1条,由针头端反折成套环状,将此带线冲洗针自上泪点进入上泪小管、探至泪总管时将针头转方向并探向下泪小管入口方向,从下泪小管鼻侧断端探出,将5-0尼龙线束穿入探针头端预置线环后,退针及线环,带线束于上、下泪小管中,并由上泪点开口引出线束一端。同法自下泪点开口进针至下泪小管颞侧断端出针,将另一端线束带入下泪小管颞侧断端,并从下泪点开口引出,收紧线束两端使下泪小管断端对接,用10-0无损伤尼龙线仔细对接缝合下泪小管断端周围组织上、下、外侧3针,冲洗泪道保持通畅,再分层仔细缝合下睑内眦断端创口,使之恢复常态。将尼龙线两端留有牵拉活动余地后,结扎并固定在眉弓部,加压包扎创口48h,术后抗生素眼液点眼,预防创口感染,隔日适当活动线束中的尼龙线,活动时先收紧其中一根,以防因牵移活动使泪小管断端裂开。7天拆皮肤缝线,20天抽出线束,继而滴抗生素激素混合眼液1周后停药。
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