【摘要】 目的 观察小梁切除术应用透明质酸钠与单纯小梁切除术治疗青光眼的临床疗效。方法 随机选取2002~2003年在我科小梁切除术80例,120眼,其中男30例,女50例,年龄29~75岁,平均62岁,闭角型青光眼65例90眼,开角型青光眼15例30眼,随机分为使用透明质酸钠组(试验组)60眼,未使用透明质酸钠组(对照组)60眼;术前常规检查前房角、视力、眼压、视眼、眼底。两组病例分别进行常规小梁切除术及小梁切除应用透明质酸钠;观察术后眼压、视力、滤过泡、前房、脉络膜脱离等情况,进行术后1~2周、术后6个月观察,观察两组手术后疗效。结果 两组病例术后对比,眼压、视力、滤过泡、前房、脉络膜脱离均有差异。结论 小梁切除术联合应用透明质酸钠可较好地防止术后组织瘢痕形成,降低低眼压、浅前房、脉络膜脱离发生率,有效的控制眼压,是安全、有效的治疗青光眼的方法。
The application of macromolecule sodium hyaluronate for trabeculectomy Fang Xiuling,Ren Chunhui,Wei Ziguang,et al. Liaocheng Guang Ming Ophthalmic Hospital,Liaocheng252000 【Abstract】 Objective To observe the clinical curative effects of trabeculectomy using and not using macroˉmolecule sodium hyaluronate for glaucoma.Methods 80trabeculectomy samples were chosen in our section of120eyes from30males and50females,age29~75,65on average,including65angle-closure glaucoma samples and15open-angle glaucoma samples.The samples were divided into two groups.One used macromolecule sodium hyaluronate(the exˉamined group60eyes)and the other didn’t use(the contrasted group60eyes).Such instances as anterior chamber anˉgle,intraocular pressure,visual acuity,filtering belb and fundus were checked before surgery as routine.Above groups were done with different surgerys-routine surgerys and surgerys using macromolecule sodium hyaluronate.Intraocual pressure,visual acuity,filtering belb,auteerior chamber angle,choroidal detachmentwere observed after surgery.The curaˉtive effects of two groups1~2weeks and6months after surgery were observed.Results The two groups were different in intraocular pressures,visual acuity,filtering belb,anterior chamber and choroidal detachment.Conclusion The appliˉcation of macromolecule sodium hyaluronate to trabeculectomycan can avoid group cicaltizalion after operation,minish inˉtraocular pressure,the shallow anterior chamber,the frequency of cioroidal detachment,and control the intraocular presˉsures.It’s a safe,effective method to cure glaucoma. Key words macromolecule sodium hyaluronate glaucoma trabeculectomy
目前,青光眼滤过手术是治疗青光眼常用的方法,但手术后早期易出现低眼压、浅前房、脉络膜脱离,术后滤过道过早瘢痕化也是导致手术失败的原因,因此如何控制术后低眼压、浅前房、预防滤过道过早瘢痕化减少术后并发症,提高手术成功率是青光眼手术中的重要课题。为求减少并发症,提高手术成功率,我科在小梁切除术中于前房内及结膜下保留透明质酸钠,维持术后前房的稳定性和滤过道通畅,防止和减少滤过道瘢痕形成,提高手术成功率。通过观察与比较,取得了较好的效果,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 临床资料患者来自我院确诊为青光眼的住院患者。随机选取2002~2003年在我科小梁切除术80例,120眼,其中男30例,女50例,年龄29~75岁,平均62岁,闭角型青光眼65例90眼,开角型青光眼15例30眼,随机分为使用透明质酸钠组(实验组)60眼,平均眼压(42.66±8.40)mmHg,未使用透明质酸钠组(对照组)60眼,平均眼压(40.38±10.88)mmHg,两组间眼压差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术前常规检查前房角、视力、眼压、视眼、眼底。两组病例分别进行常规小梁切除术及小梁切除应用透明质酸钠;观察术后眼压、视力、滤过泡、前房、脉络膜脱离等情况。进行术后1~2周、术后6个月观察,观察两组手术后疗效。
1.2 手术方法 (1)传统小梁切除术:常规球周麻醉,作一以穹隆部为基底的结膜瓣,制作4~6mm大小1/2巩膜厚度的巩膜瓣达透明角膜内1mm,切除1~3mm大小的巩膜组织(包括小梁及schlemm管)相应位置虹膜根部切除,使瞳孔恢复原形,将巩膜瓣复位,11/0尼龙线间断缝合2针,间断缝合球结膜,结膜下注射妥布霉素2万u,地塞米松2mg包扎术眼 [1] 。(2)小梁切除术中应用透明质酸钠:小梁切除术,缝合巩膜瓣后前方内注入透明质酸钠0.25ml,巩膜瓣与球结膜间注入0.1ml透明质酸钠,使巩膜瓣略呈隆起状态,连续缝合球结膜。
1.3 术后处理 术后每日更换敷料,局部点科恒眼水,术后10~14d拆除结膜缝线。
1.4 术后随访 比较术中使用和未使用透明质酸钠组术后1~2周眼压、视力、前房深浅、脉络膜脱离,术后6个月滤过泡,眼压情况。
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