【摘要】目的:探讨硬核白内障行小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的手术方法,并发症,疗效观察。方法:对200501/200803 IV度以上硬核白内障112眼,行小切口非超生乳化人工晶状体植入术进行系统性回顾。结果:112眼中仅3例出现后囊膜破裂和玻璃体脱出。所有患眼术后视力均有提高,其中术后1mo视力0.3以上者102例(91.2%)。结论:硬核白内障行小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术后视力较好,是经济,安全,实用的。
【关键词】 小切口;硬核白内障;手术
Smallincision nonphacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in hard nuclear cataract
Jie Ren
Department of Ophthalmology, Peoples Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin 214400, Jiangsu Province, China
Correspondence to: Jie Ren. Department of Ophthalmology, Peoples Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin 214400, Jiangsu Province, China. [email protected]
AbstractAIM: To discuss the surgery methods, complications and clinical effects of smallincision nonphacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in hard nuclear cataract. METHODS: A total of 112 eyes of hard nuclear cataract over Ⅳ, hospitalized from Jan. 2005 to Mar. 2008, underwent smallincision nonphacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation were retrospectively studied.RESULTS: Three cases of 112 eyes appeared posterior capsule rupture and vitreous loss. Visual acuities of all eyes were improved, >0.3 in 102 eyes (91.2%) 1 month postoperative. CONCLUSION: Characterized by good postoperative visual acuity, smallincision nonphacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation is an economy, safe and useful for hard nucleus cataract. KEYWORDS: small incision; hard nuclear cataract; surgery
0引言
近年来,小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术因其安全、有效、经济、术后恢复快,且无需特殊设备,而受到广大患者和临床医生的推崇。硬核白内障行小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术近年来更显优势。自200501/2008人03,我们对硬核白内障行小切口非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术112例,取得较好疗效,现报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
200501/200803我院收集112眼IV级以上硬核老年性白内障,采用Emery分类法[1],其中核IV级82眼,核V级30眼,否认糖尿病,术前视力光感~0.1,瞳孔对光反射良好。男58眼,女54眼,年龄62~93(平均77.5)岁。手术显微镜为Zeiss,粘弹剂为爱维,人工晶状体为单片式硬晶状体。选用苏州医疗器械厂生产的圈套器和劈核刀。
1.2方法
术前充分扩大瞳孔,常规球周或球后麻醉,做以穹隆部为基底的结膜瓣,于上方以12∶00为中心,角膜缘后1.5mm巩膜至角膜缘内1.5mm作反眉形隧道切口,长度为5.5~6.0mm,注入粘弹剂,连续环形撕囊,直径5~7mm,根据核大小,在10∶00和2∶00做两处放射状松解切口,充分水分离,水分离时,用针头波动晶状体核,将上方核游离至前房,前房及囊袋内注入粘弹剂,用劈核器将核劈成2~3块,将碎核娩出,吸除残余皮质,植入硬性IOL,切口缝合一针。
2结果
2.1视力
术后第1d,裸眼视力0.3~1.0者89眼(79.4%),0.1~0.3者21眼(18.8%),<0.1者2眼(1.8%)。1mo后,>0.3者102眼(91.1%),0.1~0.3者9眼(8.0%),<0.1者1眼(0.9%)。
2.2术中并发症
后囊膜破裂共3例,其中2例是吸注皮质时发生,结果人工晶状体植入睫状沟内,另1例韧带断裂大于1/2,后房型人工晶状体未能植入,改用其他方法。虹膜损伤11例,主要因为核硬,切口小,出核时损伤虹膜,严重有虹膜根部断离3例。
2.3术后并发症 角膜水肿:轻度水肿21眼(17.0%),未经处理,1wk后消退。前房闪辉:部分病例出现,应用激素类滴眼液,全部消退。一过性眼压升高出现15眼(13.4%),因为术中粘弹剂未全部清除引起,术后给予降眼压处理,眼压正常。伤口虹膜嵌顿2例,由于术后用力屏气,也可能切口密闭不严,给予手术回纳。术后角膜散光:术后1wk平均散光为(1.00±0.75)D,1mo后散光无明显改变。
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