目的观察碘酸钠静脉注射能否诱导实验动物的视网膜和视神经出现跨神经元变性。

　　方法48只青紫兰兔,8只为对照组,剩余40只进行碘酸钠静脉注射(40mg/kg),观察注射后1周、2周,1、4、18个月实验动物视网膜和视神经的病理改变,并与对照组进行对比。采用DNA末端转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)标记凋亡细胞;变色酸2R染视神经髓鞘;GuilleryShirra-Webster法染变性的神经纤维。

　　结果视网膜内核层的神经元在碘酸钠注射后1周开始凋亡。视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)在注射后1个月开始凋亡。在注射后的4个月和18个月,可见视神经不同程度的脱髓鞘和变性。

　　结论碘酸钠静脉注射可诱导实验动物视网膜跨神经元变性。

　　对于晚期的视网膜色素变性(retinitis pigmentosa,RP),目前尚无十分有效的治疗方法。人工视觉概念的提出为RP的治疗带来希望,但目前国内外的大量研究主要集中在视网膜电刺激器,视神经涉及相对较少。本研究制作了有效的视神经电刺激装置,但是在此之前,需要建立可靠的动物模型来

　　Objective Artificial prosthesis may be a final solution for retinitis pigmentosa.However,animal models of retinal pigmentosa(RP)should be built to evaluate the function of prosthesis.Our study was to evaluate the transneuronal degeneration of neurons in retina and optic nerve of rabbit eyes induced by intravenous injection of sodium iodate.Methods Forty-eight pigmented rabbits were included in this study.Forty rabbits,being divided into 5 experimental groups,received intravenous injection of sodium iodate(40 mg/kg).The other 8 rabbits were set as the control group.Pathological changes of retinas and optic nerves were observed in different time points after the injection of sodium iodate with hematoxylin-eosin staining,terminal deoxynucleotide mediated nick end labeling,chromotropic acid 2R staining,Weil-DavenPort staining and Guillery Shirra-Webster staining under the transmission electron microscope.Results Apoptosis was noticed in neurons in retinal inner nuclear layer one week after the injection of sodium iodate.Retinal ganglion cells appeared apoptosis one month after the injection of sodium iodate.In the 4th and 18th month after the injection of sodium iodate,different extents of demyelination and degeneration of axons in the optic nerve could be seen.Conclusion Intravenous injection of sodium iodate could induce transneuronal degeneration of neurons in retina in rabbit eye.

　　来源：中国知网