作者:彭秧生,张 娟,任百超
作者单位:1(710065)中国陕西省西安市,陕西省博爱医院眼科;2(710004)中国陕西省西安市,西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院眼科
【摘要】 目的:探讨外伤性前房积血治疗方法。
方法:回顾分析自2004-03/2006-03收治42例外伤性前房积血的治疗:(1)半卧位休息,包扎。(2)止血、降眼压。(3)玻璃酸酶联合地塞米松球结膜下注射。(4)自由基清除剂及促进细胞代谢药物应用。必要时行前房穿刺冲洗。
结果:Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级前房积血吸收快,部分视功能恢复佳。少数Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级视功能恢复较差。
结论:早期积极恰当治疗,前房积血吸收加快,视功能较大限度地恢复,可减少继发性青光眼、角膜血染等并发症。
【关键词】 前房积血;外伤;治疗
The clinical analysis of traumatic hyphema in 42 cases
Yang-Sheng Peng, Juan Zhang, Bai-Chao Ren
1Department of Ophthalmology, Boai Hospital, Xi'an 710065, Shannxi Province, China;2 Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Abstract AIM: To study the treatment of traumatic hyphema. METHODS: The clinical data of 42 cases with traumatic hyphema from March, 2004 to March, 2006 were retrospective analyzed. The treatments included (1) semi-reclining position and bandaging; (2) hemostasis and lowering the intraocular pressur; (3) sub-conjunctival injection of hyaluronidase and dexumethasone at the same time; (4) radical scavenger and drug promoting cell metabolism. Puncture and irrigation of anterior chamber were performed if necessary. RESULTS: Anterior chamber hyphema of grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱwere absorbed actively after treatment. Most patients recovered in short time, but a few of grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ did not recover.CONCLUSION: Timely treatment of the hyphema at the early stage can make the anterior chamber hyphema absorbed actively, the visual function recovered to a large degree andthe risks of complications such as secondary glaucoma, corneal blood stain decreased.
· KEYWORDS: anterior chamber hyphema; injuries; treatment
Peng YS, Zhang J, Ren BC. The clinical analysis of traumatic hyphema in 42 cases. Int J Ophthalmol (Guoji Yanke Zazhi) ,2007;7(3):840-841
0引言
外伤性前房积血是眼外伤常见的临床体征,一般预后较好,出血本身对视力影响是暂时的,如处理不及时,会引起相关并发症,因此积极治疗前房出血和预防并发症的发生十分重要[1]。前方积血对视功能损害有两个方面:一是积血引起并发症角膜血染、继发青光眼、白内障、虹膜炎等;二是外伤直接对屈光系统及视细胞的损害。治疗的关键:一、前房出血停止,加快前房积血的吸收,减少并发症。二、促进眼组织的修复再生,恢复视功能。我院自2004-03/2006-03收治外伤性前房积血42例(42眼),采用综合治疗,分析报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 外伤性前房积血42例(42眼)。男31例(74%) ,女11例(26%)。右眼24例,左眼18例,均为单眼受伤。年龄14~55岁,其中14~30岁29例,30~50岁10例,50~55岁3例。学生8例,农民13例,工人14例,其他7例。致伤原因:拳击伤、爆炸伤、球类伤、橡皮轮伤、车祸伤、棍棒伤等。眼部情况:前房积血量按Oksala分级法[1]分为3级,前房积血量不到前房容积的1/3,位于瞳孔缘之下者为I级,介于1/3~1/2,超过瞳孔下缘者为Ⅱ级,超过前房容积1/2,甚至充满整个前房者为Ⅲ级。42例42眼中I级27例(64%),Ⅱ级10例(24%),Ⅲ级5例(12%)。原发性前房积血的40眼,继发于前房积血2眼。伤后就诊时间:1d内就诊者16例, 2~7d就诊者26例。所有病例经眼B超检查排除眼球破裂伤。就诊时的视力:光感~0.1者4例,0.1~0.5者18例,0.5~1.0者20例。本次调查中出现的并发症有:外伤性瞳孔散大(3例),结膜下出血(27例),房角后退(19例),虹膜根部断离(2例),角膜损伤(12例),视网膜震荡(4例),继发性青光眼(1例),玻璃体积血(2例),角膜血染(1例)。
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