作者:仲路,邢静,周欣,金青子 作者单位:210029)中国江苏省南京市,江苏省中医院眼科中心
【摘要】 目的:应用超声生物显微镜观察急性闭角型青光眼的对侧眼行激光周边虹膜切除术的有效性。
【关键词】 原发性闭角型青光眼;激光周边虹膜切除术;超声生物显微镜
Evaluation of Nd: YAG laser for the treatment of preclinical angleclosure glaucoma by ultrasound biomicroscopy Lu Zhong, Jing Xing, Xin Zhou, QingZi Jin Eye Center, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China Abstract AIM: To observe the efficacy of laser peripheral iridectomy in the fellow eyes of acute angleclosure glaucoma eye by ultrasound biomicroscopy.
METHODS: Seventytwo patients (72 eyes) with acute angleclosure glaucoma underwent Nd: YAG laser preventive laser peripheral iridectomy in the contralateral eyes. Before and after the application of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), anterior chamber depth (ACD), angle opening distance (AOD500), and opening degrees of anterior angle( AA) were observed.
RESULTS: Postoperative anterior chamber depth, distance and degrees of angle opening were significantly greater than those before surgery. ACD, AOD500 and AA one week after operation compared with the preoperative had significant differences (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION: Laser peripheral iridectomy for the treatment of nonwide angle adhesion and closure of preclinical angleclosure glaucoma can prevent attack and have therapeutical effect, and the use of Nd: YAG laser seems to be safe and reliable.
KEYWORDS: primary angleclosure glaucoma; laser peripheral iridectomy; ultrasound biomicroscopy
方法:72例72眼急性闭角型青光眼的对侧眼行Nd:YAG激光预防性激光周边虹膜切除术,激光治疗前后应用超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscopy,UBM)观测前房深度(anterior chamber depth,ACD)、房角开放距离500(angle opening distance,AOD500)和前房角开放度数(anterior angle,AA)。
结果:患者术后前房深度、房角开放距离和前房角开放度数明显大于术前,术后1wk的ACD,AOD500,AA与术前相比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。
结论:激光周边虹膜切除术对于无广泛房角粘连和关闭的临床前期闭角型青光眼有预防发作和治疗作用,使用Nd:YAG激光安全可靠。
0引言
青光眼是是一种威胁和损害视神经视觉功能,主要与病理性眼压升高有关的临床征群或眼病。临床前期闭角型青光眼具有浅前房、窄房角等解剖特征,可能形成相对瞳孔阻滞,导致后房压升高,从而诱发闭角型青光眼急性发作。激光周边虹膜切除术能够减轻相对瞳孔阻滞,既安全又迅速,无内眼手术的并发症,目前用于治疗原发性闭角型青光眼。本研究的目的是应用超声生物显微镜观察急性闭角型青光眼的对侧眼行激光周边虹膜切除术的有效性。
1对象和方法 1.1对象 病例选择回顾性随访江苏省中医院眼科中心200701/200806因诊断1眼急性闭角型青光眼,对侧眼行预防性激光周边虹膜切除术的72例72眼。其中男28例,女44例,年龄48~85(平均63)岁,其中右眼34例,左眼38例。本研究中急性闭角型青光眼临床前期的诊断标准为:指具有闭角型青光眼的解剖结构特征:如浅前房、窄房角,但尚未发生青光眼的患眼[1]。眼科情况:视力:手动~0.5,眼压9~21mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg),结膜无充血,角膜透明,前房浅,瞳孔圆,晶状体混浊(C1N0P0~C4N3P0),眼底视盘边界清,C/D≈0.1(其中12眼眼底窥不进)。前房镜检查动态下可见房角均开放。
1.2方法 超声生物显微镜检查后行YAG激光(Alcon YAG3000LE)周边虹膜切除术。击射颞上方或鼻上方虹膜根部,能量3~5mJ,光斑50μm,脉冲数1~39(平均22.0±12.02),激光孔直径>0.2mm。术后激素及抗生素眼液滴眼4次/d。观察方法:用Paradigm P45型超声生物显微镜进行术前及术后1wk检查,传感器频率为50mHz,扫描深度和范围为5mm×5mm,侧向及轴向分辨率50μm,扫描速度为8幅图/s。患者取仰卧位,表面麻醉,将大小适中的眼杯轻置入患者眼睑内,注入生理盐水,将气泡排除出。每眼均扫描前房正中央及上、下、鼻、颞侧4个象限,扫描时注意探头和欲检查部位保持垂直,转存入计算机辅助图像处理系统作出定量分析。测量双眼前房深度、房角开放距离和前房角开放度数。测量方法参照Pavlin设计的方法[2]。
表1 临床前期闭角型青光眼患者术前术后1wk的ACD,AOD500,AA的比较(略)
bP<0.01 vs术前
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