作者:李晓艳,张卯年 作者单位:100048)中国北京市,中国人民解放军总医院第一附属医院眼科;(100853)中国北京市,中国人民解放军总医院眼科
【摘要】 目的:观察长期硅油填充眼的眼部改变,分析其长期填充的原因及预后。
【关键词】 硅油;原因;预后;随访
Complications and prognostic analysis for longterm intraocular silicone oil tamponade XiaoYan Li, MaoNian Zhang Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China;Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China AbstractAIM: To observe the ocular changes of longterm intraocular silicone oil tamponade and analyze the reasons and prognosis of longterm tamponade.
METHODS: The clinical data of 44 cases was analyzed retrospectively in which silicone oil tamponade was performed for more than 12 months, including: 31 males, 13 females, aged from 27 months to 72 years. Diagnosis included: traumatic retinal detachment in 11 cases; eyeball rupture in 11 cases; perforating injury of eyeball in 3 cases; intraocular foreign body in 5 cases; recurrence retinal detachment in 9 cases and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 5 cases. the silicone oil tamponade time, visual acuity, the retinal reattachment conditions and ocular complications were summarized.
RESULTS: Time of silicone oil tamponade varied from 12 months to 13 years(average 2 years 10 months). Visual acuity: improvement in 23 cases(52%); decrease in 8 cases; no changes in 13 cases. Retinal reattachment conditions: complete reattachment in 37 cases(84%); partly reattachment in 6 cases; retinal detachment under silicone oil in 1 case. Ocular complications included: complicated cataract in 10 cases; intraocular hypertension in 4 cases; intraocular hypotension in 2 cases; silicone oil emulsification in 7 cases; bandshaped degeneration of cornea in 9 cases; corneal endothelial discompensation in 3 cases; atrophy of eyeball in 3 cases; atrophy of optic nerve in 2 cases; iris cyst in 1 case and subconjunctival cyst in 1 case; no obvious complications in 10 cases(23%). CONCLUSION: Longterm intraocular silicone oil tamponade is feasible and reasonable for some special cases,but need longterm postoperative followup.
KEYWORDS: silicone oil; reasons; prognosis;followup
方法:回顾性分析我院硅油填充时间≥12mo的临床病例资料共44例,男31例,女13例,年龄27月龄~72岁。包括:外伤性视网膜脱离11例;眼球破裂伤11例;眼球穿通伤3例;球内异物5例;复发性视网膜脱离9例;增生性糖尿病视网膜病变5例。对硅油填充时间、视力、视网膜在位情况及眼部并发症等情况进行分析总结。
结果:硅油填充时间为12mo~13a,平均34mo。视力提高者23例(52%),下降者8例,无改善者13例。37例(84%)视网膜完全复位,6例部分复位,1例未复位。并发症包括:并发性白内障10例;高眼压4例;低眼压2例;硅油乳化7例;带状角膜变性9例;角膜内皮失代偿3例;眼球萎缩3例;视神经萎缩2例;虹膜囊肿及结膜下囊肿各1例;无明显并发症者10例,占23%。
结论:硅油长期眼内填充对于部分特殊病例具有一定的可行性及合理性,突出强调了术后定期随访复查的重要性。0引言 硅油作为一种有效的玻璃体替代物目前已广泛应用于玻璃体视网膜手术中,但由于其长期在眼内存留会引起继发性青光眼、并发性白内障、角膜病变等并发症,因而多数学者建议玻璃体手术后早期(3~6mo)取出硅油[1,2]。然而,我们在临床中发现部分患者由于某些原因不宜短期内取出硅油,有些甚至需要长期填充。我们对我院硅油填充时间≥12mo的病例资料进行总结,观察长期硅油填充眼的并发症,分析其长期填充的原因及其预后情况,旨在探讨对于某些特殊病例硅油长期眼内填充的可行性及合理性。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 回顾性总结解放军总医院眼科19900101/20060101行玻璃体视网膜手术联合硅油充填术、术后定期复查,至复查时硅油填充时间≥12mo而未行硅油取出术的病例44例44眼,男31例,女13例,年龄27月龄~72岁。44例病例中包括:外伤性视网膜脱离11例;眼球破裂伤11例;眼球穿通伤3例;球内异物5例;复发性视网膜脱离9例;增生性糖尿病视网膜病变5例。有晶状体眼10例(术前晶状体透明者6例;轻度混浊者4例);无晶状体眼31例;人工晶状体眼3例。
1.2方法 手术方式均采用常规玻璃体切除、眼内光凝、硅油充填术等。40例使用德国产5000cs硅油;4例使用法国产5700cs硅油。调查内容包括:硅油填充时间、视力、眼压、视网膜复位情况、眼部并发症及其相应处理等。
2结果 硅油填充时间12mo~13a,平均34mo。视力提高者23例(52%),其中≥0.01者7例,矫正视力最高可达0.12;下降者8例;无改善者13例。37例(84%)视网膜完全复位,6例部分复位,1例未复位。眼部并发症包括:(1)并发性白内障:有晶状体眼10例均发生不同程度晶状体混浊,其中3例行二次白内障超声乳化吸出,1例行白内障囊外摘除;二次手术后视力改善者2例,其余2例无明显改善。(2)角膜病变:带状角膜变性9例,8例发生于无晶状体眼,其中无晶状体合并无虹膜或大部分虹膜缺损者4例;角膜内皮失代偿致角膜混浊者3例,2例为无晶状体眼,1例为有晶状体眼。(3)硅油乳化:硅油乳化7例,视网膜前见硅油滴4例,硅油滴进入前房者3例。(4)继发性青光眼:继发性青光眼4例,2例行YAG激光虹膜打孔,另2例给予降眼压药物治疗,其中1例经治疗后眼压仍高于30mmHg,其余3例眼压维持在21mmHg左右。(5)低眼压:眼压10mmHg但无明显眼球萎缩者2例。(6)眼球萎缩:3例。(7)视神经萎缩:视神经萎缩2例,其中1例病程中曾有高眼压情况发生,另1例至最后一次随访时眼压一直处于正常范围。(8)虹膜及结膜囊肿各1例,虹膜囊肿者至最后一次随访时眼压维持于正常范围。未见明显并发症者10例(23%)。硅油填充时间为:12~24mo者2例;24~48mo者1例;48~36mo者1例;36~60mo者4例;>60mo者2例。
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