【摘要】 目的:探讨准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis, LASIK)后近视患者调节性集合与调节比率(accommodative convergence per unit of accommodation,AC/A)变化。方法:Von Graefe法测定患者近距水平隐斜,给予+1.00D近附加后再次测量,结果之差为梯度性AC/A比率,测量患者LASIK手术前、手术后1wk;1,3,6mo的AC/A比率,结果进行统计学分析。结果:术前戴镜AC/A比率为(2.98±0.80)△/D,手术后1wk;1,3,6mo的AC/A比率分别为(2.02±0.57)△/D,(2.43±0.63)△/D,(2.87±0.65)△/D,(2.91±0.68)△/D,手术后1wk;1mo时AC/A比率较手术前显著降低(P<0.01)。手术后3,6mo AC/A比率较手术前无差异。结论:LASIK术后1wk;1mo,AC/A比率较术前降低,术后3mo升至术前水平并稳定。
【关键词】 激光原位角膜磨镶术;近视;调节性集合;调节
Analysis of the accommodative convergence per unit of accommodation ratio after bilateral myopic laser in situ keratomileusis
ZhiLi Lu, FengJu Zhang, YueXiu Wang, FangLei Yu, Lu Yin
Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China; Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730,China
AbstrastAIM: To analyze the effect of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on the accommodative convergence per unit of accommodation (AC/A) ratio in myopic patients.METHODS: This clinical trial consisted of 40 myopic patients who had bilateral LASIK. The AC/A ratio was measured in the phoroptor with glasses before surgery and 1 week, 1 month,3 and 6 months after surgery without glasses. RESULTS: The average AC/A ratio was (2.98±0.80)△/D with glasses before LASIK, it reduced to (2.02±0.57)△/D,(2.43±0.63)△/D 1 week ,1 month after LASIK respectively. There was significant decrease in the AC/A ratio 1 week and 1 month after LASIK(P<0.01). The AC/A ratio recovered to near preoperative values at 3 and 6 months after LASIK , they were (2.87±0.65)△/D, (2.91±0.68)△/D. CONCLUSION: The AC/A ratio decreases 1 week,1 month after LASIK ,it recovers to preoperative value at 3 months after LASIK and keeps stable.
KEYWORDS: laser in situ keratomileusis; myopia; accommodative convergence; accommodation
0 引言
调节与集合以及瞳孔收缩为视近的三联动反射,其中调节与集合相互影响,调节性集合与调节比率(accommodative convergence per unit of accommodation,AC/A)是评估二者关系的重要指标。准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)矫正近视是一种安全有效、预测性好的手术方式,接受LASIK手术的近视患者由术前近视转为术后正视,调节需求增加,近距用眼的集合反应也与配戴凹透镜不同,此方面研究结果不尽相同,我们使用综合验光仪测量近视患者LASIK手术前、后梯度性AC/A比率变化,评估LASIK手术对其影响。
1 对象和方法
1.1 对象
我院200608/200612在准分子激光矫治中心接受双眼LASIK治疗的近视患者,排除显斜视、弱视、双眼屈光参差>1.00D者,随访时间6mo,资料完整的40例,男15例,女25例,年龄18~40(平均23.7)岁,其中一直配戴框架眼镜矫正者28例,使用角膜接触镜2a以上者10例。术前检查使用带状光检眼镜验光后进行综合验光仪医学验光,测量AC/A比率,角膜地形图、角膜厚度等其他项目检查同常规LASIK手术,术前平均等值球镜5.46D(1.75~12.00D),最佳矫正视力≥0.8。手术采用Moria Ⅱ自动板层角膜刀、鹰视Wavelight准分子激光机,进行LASIK标准程序切削。手术后用药同常规手术,手术后1wk;1,3,6mo复诊时测量AC/A比率。术后1wk复诊裸眼视力≥0.8,小瞳下等值球镜屈光度+1.00~0.50D。
1.2 AC/A比率检查方法
采用日本Topcon公司综合验光仪,先进行远距屈光矫正,然后Von Graefe法测量近距水平隐斜角,视标为差眼最佳矫正视力上一行单个视标,视标距离40cm,左眼前放置6△底向上三棱镜,右眼前放置12△底向内三棱镜,对右眼像在左上者增大测量棱镜至像在右上方。之后给予+1.00D近附加再次测量水平隐斜角,记录两结果棱镜值之差为梯度性AC/A比率。测量由同一有经验的医师进行。
统计学分析:采用SPSS软件,手术后各时间测定值与手术前进行配对t检验。以P<0.05为有统计学意义。
2 结果
本组近视患者手术前戴镜AC/A比率为(2.98±0.80)△/D,手术后AC/A比率降低,之后的随访中,AC/A比率逐渐升高并稳定,手术后1wk;1,3,6mo的AC/A比率平均值分别为(2.02±0.57)△/D,(2.43±0.63)△/D,(2.87±0.65)△/D,(2.91±0.68)△/D,经统计学比较,LASIK术后1wk;1mo AC/A比率较手术前戴镜降低,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01),LASIK手术后3,6mo AC/A比率与手术前戴镜比较,差异无统计学意义。
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