【摘要】  　　目的：研究分析儿童弱视原因及新生儿出生时的分娩方式对弱视形成的影响。方法：对536例2～14岁弱视儿的原因研究分析并对其出生时分娩方式进行回顾性调查。结果：536例弱视儿中出生时剖腹产92例占17.2%、自然分娩难产（包括胎吸和产钳）49例占9.1%、自然分娩顺产395例占73.7%，其中早产儿53例占9.9%；弱视儿中屈光不正性弱视284例占53.0%、斜视性弱视138例占25.7%、屈光参差性弱视91例占17.0%、形觉剥夺性弱视17例占3.2%、其它6例占1.1%。结论：儿童弱视形成的主要原因是屈光不正；出生时分娩方式与弱视的发生无关，早产儿所占弱视比例较高应予以关注。

【关键词】  儿童　弱视原因　分娩方式

　　Causes of children's amblyopia and the effects of delivery mode on development of amblyopia

    Jing-Lin Yi, Han Jin

    Ophthalmic Center, Jiangxi Province People's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China

    Abstract AIM: To analyze the causes of child's amblyopia and the effects of delivery mode on development of amblyopia. METHODS: The causes of 536 children (aged 2-14) with amblyopia and their delivery mode on development of amblyopia were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 536 children, 92 cases had Caesarean birth (17.2%), 49 cases had dystocia of normal labor (9.1%), 395 cases had natural labor (73.7%) includidng 53 cases with premature birth (9.9%). Among these children, 284 cases were ametropic amblyopia (53.0%), 138 cases were strabismic amblyopia (25.8%), 91 cases were anisometropic amblyopia (17.0%), 17 cases were form deprivation amblyopia (3.2%) and 6 cases were classified as other amblyopia (1.1%). CONCLUSION: Ametropia is the main cause of children's amblyopia. The delivery mode had no effect on ametropia. Great attention should be paid to the high rate of children who underwent amblyopia with premature birth.

    · KEYWORDS: children; causes of children's amblyopia; delivery mode

　　 0引言

    弱视是严重影响儿童视觉发育的眼病，为了确定弱视儿童的易感人群，尽早发现弱视儿童。我们对弱视门诊中536例弱视儿童做眼部各项检查并进行个人出生时分娩方式及状况的回顾性调查。

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