【摘要】 目的：观察糖尿病早期视网膜细胞凋亡情况。方法：NOD雌鼠随机分为糖尿病组（n=10）和正常对照组（n=10），每组在4wk和12wk处死小鼠，摘除眼球并制作组织切片，用TUNEL法检测视网膜细胞的凋亡。电镜观察视网膜超微结构改变。结果：视网膜神经元病变和微血管病变在糖尿病早期都有发生, 糖尿病组视网膜神经节细胞和内皮细胞凋亡数目明显较对照组增多(P <0.01)。结论：视网膜神经元凋亡可促进视网膜神经元病变的发生和发展。
【关键词】 糖尿病 NOD鼠 视网膜 凋亡
Retinal cell apoptosis in early diabetic NOD mice
Shu-Guang Sun1,2, Cai-Rui Li3, Zhi-Guang Zhou1, De-yong Jiang3
Foundation item: Supported by Science and Technology Office of Hunnan Province, China (No. 04SK3034/3)
1Institute of Endocrinology,3Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China;2Department of Internal Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Dali College, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China;
Abstract AIM: To study the apoptosis of retinal cells in early diabetic mice. METHODS: NOD mice were divided into normal control group (n=10) and diabetes group (n=10). The mice in each group were sacrificed at 4 and 12 weeks, and the mouse eyeballs were sectioned for TUNEL for retinal cell apoptosis, using electronic microscope to observe retinal ultrastructures changes.RESULTS: Retinal neuropathy and microangiopathy occurred in the early stage of diabetes. The retinal ganglion cells apoptosis and endothelial cells were significantly greater in the diabetic group than in control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Apoptosis may be an important mechanism through which retinal neurodegeneration is developed.
· KEYWORDS: diabetes; NOD mice; retina; apoptosis
0引言
糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的常见并发症，是糖尿病患者视力下降或丧失的主要原因[1]。非肥胖性糖尿病(non-obese diabetes, NOD)小鼠是一种遗传性（自然发病的）1型糖尿病啮齿类动物模型，该动物模型与人类的1型糖尿病在症群，继发性损害和遗传作用等方面较相似[2]。NOD小鼠在鼠龄12wk左右时自然发生1型糖尿病，雌鼠发病率达85％以上而雄鼠发病率低故用雌鼠作为研究对象。我们利用糖尿病NOD雌鼠来研究糖尿病早期视网膜细胞凋亡的情况。
1材料和方法
1.1材料 NOD/Lt小鼠，（鼠龄4wk，16g）20只购自美国Jackson实验室。在无特定病原体（specific-pathogen free，SPF）环境下繁殖饲养(恒温22℃，湿度55%)，自由饮净化水和全价营养颗粒喂养。TUNEL 药盒(武汉博士德公司)，透射电子显微镜（日立H-600）。饲养NOD鼠的普通饲料（常规高压灭菌）。
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