【摘要】目的:探讨LASIK术中出血的原因、影响及防治。方法:观察了466例 929眼接受手术时发生出血病例的情况及出血对术后效果的影响。结果:466例929眼手术者发生角膜缘出血者57眼,发生率为6.1%,术后0.5mo时,角膜缘出血的57眼中发生过矫者33眼,欠矫15眼,不规则散光7眼。其中9眼接受2次手术。探讨了出血发生的原因及预防措施。结论:LASIK术中角膜缘出血可影响手术效果,应引起高度重视。
【关键词】 LASIK;角膜缘出血;近视
Clinical study of corneal limbal bleeding in excimer laser in situ keratomileusis
Ming Lei, ShuFen Jin
Department of Ophthalmology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
Correspondence to:Ming Lei. Department of Ophthalmology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China. [email protected]
AbstractAIM: To study the causes, influences, prevention and treatment of corneal limbal bleeding in excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).METHODS: The cases of corneal limbal bleeding were observed when LASIK was performed in 929 eyes of 466 patients and the influences were investigated after LASIK. RESULTS: The 57 eyes (6.1%) with limbal bleeding were found in 929 eyes of patients. When it was the time of half a month after operation, the overcorrection in 33 eyes, the undercorrection in 15 eyes and irregular astigmatism occurred in 7 eyes. In the 57 eyes, 9 eyes were performed again by LASIK. The causes and defending measures of limbal bleeding were discussed.CONCLUSION: The limbal bleeding will affect the effect when LASIK was performed, and it should be attached much importance. KEYWORDS: LASIK; corneal limbal bleeding; myopia
0引言
准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis, LASIK)是目前治疗近视及近视散光首选的屈光手术方法之一。国外及我们的研究结果显示[1,2],准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗近视及近视散光的近期疗效在许多方面优于准分子激光角膜切削术(photorefractive keratectomy,PRK),是治疗近视的一种有效、准确和安全的方法。然而,由于角膜瓣的缘故,临床治疗中有部分患者发生出血,对手术后的疗效产生了不同程度的影响。特别是随着波前像差的应用和波前像差引导的个性化LASIK的开展,其对手术效果的影响将日显明显。现将对一组患者术中角膜瓣边缘出血情况的观察结果报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
200605/200608接受LASIK手术者466例(929眼),男207例,女259例;年龄18~48(平均27.29)岁。929眼术前屈光度为0.50~14.00D ,平均为6.72D ;散光: 0.50~ 5.25D ,平均为1.24D。电脑验光,插片验光结合散瞳检影确定近视度数。裂隙灯显微镜、检眼镜、三面镜、非接触眼压计、角膜地形图、角膜测厚和A超等检查,排除手术禁忌证。观察术中出血的数量及部位,详细纪录。术后观察出血眼的手术效果。
1.2方法
根据年龄、屈光度确定不同的实际切削参数。手术采用technolas 217准分子激光机,多区切削,最大切削直径7mm,在角膜厚度允许的前提下,各区切削直径尽可能选最大;表麻后,以微型板层角膜刀做一带蒂的角膜瓣,直径8.5~9.5mm,厚度130~160μm,翻转该瓣暴露角膜基质床;激光屈光切削后冲洗瓣下,角膜瓣复位,戴硬壳眼罩。术后1d去除眼罩,1wk内抗生素滴眼液滴眼,4wk内皮质类固醇滴眼,术后1d;1wk;0.5,1,3mo复查,内容包括视力、屈光度、角膜地形图、角膜厚度、眼压、眼底及A超等。
2结果
2.1角膜缘出血的发病情况
本组患者中发生出血者57眼,发生率为6.1%;其中男13眼,女44眼,屈光度数最高13.50D;最低2.50D。出血部位以上方为多,共33眼,占57.9%;下方10眼,占17.5%;2个方位以上出血者14眼,占24.6%,其中3眼全周边部均有出血情况。术后1d复查,瓣下层间残留积血者9眼。
2.2术后视力及屈光状态
术后0.5mo裸眼视力:≥1.0者10眼,<0.8者32眼。电脑验光:过矫者33眼,欠矫15眼,上述患者均伴有不同程度散光,发生不规则散光者7眼。
2.3病灶及裸眼视力的演变
术后观察:瓣下积血随时间推移,均吸收。6眼出现上皮瓣下生长。术后观察3mo,38眼裸眼视力在0.8以上,9眼接受二次手术以提高裸眼视力。
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