【摘要】目的:研究Optisol 中期保存液房水置换对角膜内皮细胞的保护作用。方法:采用4℃湿房保存方法保存离体兔眼球,设立房水对照组、Optisol 中期保存液房水置换组,每组10只眼球。于低温保存开始前、保存后24,48及72h检测角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度及形态,保存后72h取下角膜行胎盘蓝茜素红染色,检测角膜内皮细胞存活率。结果:4℃湿房保存开始前两组平均角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比率差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。保存后24h两组平均角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比率差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);保存后48h及72h两组平均角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。保存后72h房水对照组角膜内皮细胞存活率为(55±5.81)%,Optisol 中期保存液房水置换组角膜内皮细胞存活率为(87.16±3。64)%,两组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Optisol 中期保存液房水置换对角膜内皮细胞活性有保护作用,可以提高湿房保存法的效率,延长有效保存时间至72h。
【关键词】 角膜内皮细胞;Optisol中期保存液;眼库
Protective effects of Optisol medium preservative solution on corneal endothelium cells in excised rabbit eyeballs
GuiGang Li, Yu Xia, Jun Hu, Hong Zhang
Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China Correspondence to: Hong Zhang. Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China. [email protected]
AbstractAIM: To test the protective effects of Optisol medium preservative solution on corneal endothelium cells in excised rabbit eyeballs by exchanging anterior chamber aqueous humor.METHODS: Twenty eyeballs were grouped randomly into two groups: the anterior chamber aqueous humor exchanged with Optisol medium preservative solution was as experiment group, and normal control group (10 eyeballs in each group). All of the eyeballs were preserved in 4℃ humor chamber unit after examination. The cornea endothelium cell density, hexagonal cell percentage and corneal thickness before and 24, 48, 72 hours after preservation with optical microscopy and ultrasound. Trypan bluealizarin red dyeing method was used to test the cell survival rate at 72 hours after preservation.RESULTS: There were no significant differences on the mean cornea endothelium cell density, hexagonal cell percentage and corneal thickness of two groups before and 24 hours after preservation. But there were significant differences on those of two groups 48 and 72 hours after preservation(P<0.05). The mean cell survival rate of the Optisol group’s corneal endothelial cells was (87.16±3.64)%, compared with (55±5.81)% of control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The renewed method of exchanging anterior chamber aqueous humor Optisol medium preservative solution has effect in preventing the activities of corneal endothelial cells and can preserve the corneal endothelium for 72 hours. KEYWORDS: corneal endothelium; Optisol medium preservative solution; eye bank
0引言
在致盲性眼病中,角膜病居第二位,全球有超过 1000万角膜盲患者。角膜移植术是角膜盲复明的主要手段,手术成功与否有赖于供体角膜的质量,而供体材料优劣的关键在于保存技术。由于角膜供体材料的相对匮乏,目前我国大部分角膜供体均在72h内用于角膜移植,因此湿房保存法时间太短,而中期保存液由于比较昂贵而没有普及。因此本研究提出一种将Optisol中期保存液与湿房保存法相结合的角膜保存方法,以期达到延长角膜保存时间并节约经费的目的,现将结果报道如下。
1材料和方法
1.1材料
成年清洁级新西兰白兔10只(由华中科技大学同济医学院实验动物中心提供) ,雌雄不论,体质量2.0~2.5kg。Optisol中期保存液购自美国HAI公司。胎盘蓝、茜素红购自Sigma公司。Zeiss眼科手术显微镜,Topcon非接触式角膜内皮显微镜,HAI2000型眼库角膜内皮显微镜(美国HAI公司),A超系统(高视远望公司)。Leica显微镜照相系统(德国Leica)。
1.2方法
1.2.1全眼球湿房保存
耳缘静脉空气栓塞处死动物,处死后立即无菌操作摘取眼球,置于1000IU/mL酸庆大霉素溶液中浸泡3min,洗净。放入4℃冰箱湿房保存备用。
1.2.2实验分组及Optisol 中期保存液房水置换
共20只眼球,按照随机数字法分为2组: Optisol 中期保存液房水置换组和房水对照组。眼球摘除后立即采用非接触式角膜内皮显微镜检测角膜内皮细胞形态、密度,采用A超系统检测中央角膜厚度。检测完毕后,在手术显微镜下抽取实验组眼球房水,注入等量Optisol中期保存液。实验组和对照组眼球均放入4℃冰箱湿房保存。
1.2.3角膜内皮细胞密度及活性检测
两组眼球均在保存24,48,72h后采用A超系统及角膜内皮显微镜检测角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度及形态。记录内容包括角膜内皮细胞平均密度、细胞平均面积以及六边形细胞所占百分率。保存后72h在手术显微镜取下角膜片,采用胎盘蓝茜素红染色法检测角膜内皮细胞存活率。把新鲜配制的胎盘蓝和茜素红染色分别滴到角膜内皮面2min,首先于低倍显微镜下观察角膜内皮全貌,然后在高倍镜下观察细胞核蓝染者(受损细胞)及核不染色者(存活细胞),并计算细胞核不染色者所占细胞总数的百分比,即细胞存活率。 统计学处理:采用SPSS 13.0软件包,均数的组间比较采用t检验。
2结果
2.1分组因素影响
低温保存开始前两组平均角膜厚度、角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比率分别为(492±31)μm,(498±24)μm;(3442±119)个/mm2,(3352±95)个/mm2;(84.25±5.17)%,(87.16±4.27)%差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。
2.2角膜内皮密度检测
保存后24h,角膜内皮细胞形态清晰可辨。两组平均角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比率差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);保存后48h及72h两组平均角膜内皮细胞密度及六角形细胞比率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
2.3角膜内皮细胞活性检测
保存后24h,两组平均角膜厚度差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);保存后48h及72h两组平均角膜厚度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。保存后72h对照组角膜内皮细胞存活率为(55.24±5.81)%,Optisol中期保存液房水置换组角膜内皮细胞存活率为(87。16±3.64)%,两组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05,表1)。表1Optisol中期保存液房水置换对角膜内皮细胞的影响(略)
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