临床上其他一些方法的使用,也为医生提供了参考和更广泛的选择。生长激素抑制素类似物善得定可安全与有效的治疗DME[25]。另有一种大环内酯抗生素类免疫抑制剂西罗莫司可以下调DM患者眼中的缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF1α),从而有效抑制VEGF介导的通透性[26]。Gupta等 [27]研究认为阿伐他汀能减少渗出和脂类物质的移动,可作为临床治疗DME的附加治疗。中药盐酸川芎嗪可有效促进黄斑水肿吸收,缩短疗程,提高视力。蛋白激酶C是参与多种生长因子、激素、神经递质和细胞因子反应的信息分子,它可以有效的阻止高血糖导致的血管损伤,在增长性DR和黄斑水肿的发展过程中发挥重要的作用[28]。另有研究通过补氧增加视网膜氧供,减轻黄斑水肿, 当黄斑厚度下降到一定程度时, 激光光凝作用就能更好地体现[29]。
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