作者:蔡笃儒,钟罗宝,赖春荣
摘要:目的 检测视网膜和脉络膜挫伤后眼的血流动力学改变。 方法 采用彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)检测视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼与健眼的眼动脉(OA)、视网膜中央动脉(CRA)及睫状后动脉(PCAs)血流参数,测定收缩期血流峰值速度(PSV),缩张末期流速(EDV),搏动指数(PI),阻力指数(RI)。 结果 视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼的视网膜中央动脉(CRA)及睫状后动脉(PCAs) 收缩期血流峰值速度(PSV) ,缩张末期流速(EDV),搏动指数(PI)及阻力指数(RI)与健眼比较差异有显著性(P<005);视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼的眼动脉(OA)与健眼比较差异无显著性(P>005)。 结论 视网膜、脉络膜挫伤可使眼视网膜中央动脉(CRA)及睫状后动脉(PCAs)血流速度低于健眼,阻力指数(RI)增加,为临床对眼外伤的诊治和预后判断提供重要依据。
关键词:视网膜、脉络膜挫伤;彩色多普勒血流显像;血流动力学
中图分类号:R77 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1009-9727(2005)02-227-03
Application of color doppler blood flow imaging (CDFI) in the study of hemodynamics of retinal and choroidal rupture CAI Du-ru, ZHONG Luo-bao, LAI Chun-rong (Ophthalmology Department of Longhua Hospital of Baoan District of Shenzhen City,Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong, P R China)
Abstract: Objective To determine the changes of hemodynamics caused by retinal and choroidal rupture Methods CDFI was applied to determine the flow parameters of the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA) and posterior ciliary arteries (PACs) of the affected, by retinal and choroidal rupture, and unaffected eyes The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsation index (PI) and resistance index (RI) were measured Results There was a significant difference (P<005) between the affected by the retinal and choroidal rupture and unaffected eyes of PSV, EDV, PI and RI in the CRA and PACs No significant difference (P>005) was observed in the OA of the affected eye by the retinal and choroidal rupture in comparison with the unaffected Conclusion The flow velocity in the CRA and PCAs of the affected eye by retinal and choroidal rupture was reduced comparing to that of the unaffected eye, and also the RI was increased CDFI is used for determining the changes of the flow velocity and RI which serves as an important indicator for the diagnosis, treatment and the prognostic value of ocular injury
Key words: Retina and Choroids;Rupture;Color doppler blood flow imaging (CDFI);Hemodynamics
视网膜、脉络膜挫伤是一种常见的眼外伤,眼球受到冲击力的作用,引起视网膜和脉络膜挫伤,主要表现为视网膜、脉络膜发生水肿、渗出,有时出现裂孔或出血。严重影响患者视功能,我们自2003年6月至2004年10月通过对23例视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼与健眼的彩色多普勒血流显像检测,探讨眼动脉、视网膜中央动脉及睫状后动脉的血流动力学变化规律,检测结果报告如下。
1 资料与方法
11 一般资料 23例患者中男18例,女5例。年龄20岁以下5例,21~30岁10例,31~40岁5例,41岁以上3例。视网膜、脉络膜挫伤的诊断标准:①有眼外伤史;② 视力减退,检眼镜眼底检查可见:脉络膜出血或破裂;视网膜水肿、出血坏死、破孔形成,视网膜脱离;③荧光眼底造影视网膜挫伤早期视网膜水肿区表现为荧光遮蔽―低荧光,造影后期可见视网膜深层出现荧光渗漏或巩膜着色而显示强荧光。本组23例中合并前房出血6例,合并瞳孔散大5例,合并晶体半脱位2例,合并玻璃体出血4例。检测时间为伤后90min~7d。
12 检测方法 应用美国ATL公司生产的HDI-5000型全数字化计算机彩色多普勒血流显像仪,采用75 MHZ,取样容积为1mm,壁滤波在100HZ之内,探测深度30~40mm左右。受测者仰卧位,静卧室内自然光线下,轻闭双眼,涂藕合剂,探头置于眼脸上,朝向探头血流信号为红色,背离探头血流信号为蓝色。检测眼动脉(Ophthalmic artery OA),视网膜中央动脉(Central retinal artery CRA),睫状后动脉(Posterior ciliary arteries PCAs)的血流参数,测定收缩期血流峰值速度(Peak systolic velocity PSV),缩张末期流速(End-diastolic velocity EDV),搏动指数(Pulsatility index PI),阻力指数(Resistive index RI)。采用统一的检测标准,视网膜中央动脉的检测:在球后视神经暗区中,视盘表面后约3mm,可清晰显示红色视网膜中央动脉。眼动脉探测:视神经鼻侧球后10~15mm处探测眼动脉。鼻、颞侧睫状后动脉探测,紧靠视神经暗区两侧,视网膜表面后4~6mm处。可获得以上血管的血流频谱,持续记录6个搏动周期,选其中频谱最鲜亮、清晰者进行测量和记录。
13 统计方法 睫状后动脉血流参数以鼻、颞侧睫状后动脉用平均值及标准差表示,所有计量资料均以平均值±标准差(x±s)表示,检测结果以患者自身的健眼为对照,进行统计学配对,t检验方法进行差异显著性检验。
2 结果
21 23例视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼与健眼视网膜中央动脉血流参数比较差异有显著性(P<005),见表1。
表1 视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼与健眼视网膜中央动脉血流参数比较(x±s) (略)
Table 1 Comparison of the flow parameters of the CRA affected by retinal and choroidal rupture with that of the unaffected eyes(x±s)
22 视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼与健眼眼动脉血流参数比较差异性无显著(P>005),见表2。
表2 视网膜、脉络膜挫伤患眼与健眼眼动脉血流参数比较(x±s) (略)
Table 2 Comparison of the flow parameters of the OA affected by retinal and choroidal rupture with that of the unaffected eyes(x±s)
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