【摘要】 目的:探讨年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化白内障吸除术后角膜内皮细胞的变化及角膜内皮形态结构的变化。方法:选择在我院行超声乳化白内障吸除折叠人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者79例91眼,按晶状体核密度分为两组,其中III级以下核(包括III级核)43眼,III级以上核48眼。在术前及术后3d时,应用非接触式角膜内皮显微镜观察其中央角膜的内皮细胞密度(CD值)及角膜内皮形态结构的变化。 结果:CD值较术前均有不同程度的下降, III级核以下(包括III级核)CD值下降6%,III级核以上CD值下降13%。CD值随着晶状体核硬度上升,呈现下降趋势。术后细胞形态也发生改变,角膜内皮细胞变异系数(CV)值则增高,III级核以下(包括III级核)内皮细胞面积平均值及CV值变化均小于III级核以上。结论:老年患者角膜内皮对白内障超声乳化手术产生的损伤敏感,术前应将角膜内皮细胞镜作为常规检查,术中术者可根据患者核硬度随时调整能量和负压的参数组合,尽可能降低超声能量,缩短超声时间,最大限度地保护角膜内皮的正常功能,以提高手术成功率。
【关键词】 角膜内皮;超声乳化白内障吸除术
Study on the morphology of corneal endothelial cells after phacoemulsification
ZhiWei Meng,LiXia Yang, YaNan Xu
Department of Ophthalmology, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Militany Command, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province,China
Abstract AIM:To observe the corneal endothelial cells morphology after phacoemulsification,and find out the regularity of corneal endothelial cells morphologic change and some related influencing factors.METHODS:Seventynine cases 91 eyes with agerelated cataract were chosen in this research. The phacoemulsification was performed through the clear cornea combined with the foldable intraocular lens implantation. The cell density (CD), coefficient of variation (CV) of the endothelial cells in the central and incision cornea were examined preoperatively and 3 days postoperatively.
RESULTS:The level of postoperative CD decreased gradually,and the level of CV increased.Morphology of endothelial cells in the incision cornea showed a significant lower CD,higher CV than those in the central cornea at 3 days postoperatively. CONCLUSION:In phacoemulsification through the clear cornea, the endothelial cells suffer from energy and mechanic injury.The corneal endothelial cells in incision are easier to be damaged than that in the central part during this surgery,We should pay more attention to the mechanic injury in elder patient,because it lead to more corneal endothelial cell loss.
KEYWORDS:corneal endothelium; phacoemulsification
0引言
白内障是眼科常见病和多发病,超声乳化白内障吸除术具有组织损伤小、切口不用缝合、手术时间短、视力恢复快、角膜散光小等优点已作为白内障摘除首选方法而获得快速发展。年龄相关性白内障患者随着年龄的增加,角膜内皮细胞密度逐渐降低、细胞功能下降,对白内障超声乳化手术产生的损伤比较敏感,可导致术后角膜水肿和泡性角膜病变等并发症[1],从而影响手术效果。我们采用非接触式角膜内皮显微镜,对在我院行超声乳化白内障并折叠人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者79例91眼的角膜内皮细胞密度及角膜内皮形态结构,进行了术前、术后的观察,报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
选择行超声乳化白内障摘除并折叠人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者79例91眼,其中男41例50眼,女38例41眼,年龄61~89(平均72)岁。术前视力0.02~0.30,III级以下核(包括III级核)43眼,III级以上核48眼。排除有其他可能影响角膜内皮细胞计数的眼病(如葡萄膜炎、角膜内皮营养不良、青光眼、眼外伤等)。表1 患者手术前术后3d中央区角膜内皮细胞密度的变化(略)表2 患者手术前及术后3d中央区角膜内皮细胞变化(略)表3 术后3d及1wk视力情况眼(略)
1.2方法
手术由同一熟练术者完成,患者取平卧位,眼球周浸润麻醉,11∶00~11∶30角膜缘板层隧道切口,3∶00角膜缘内作一辅助切口,11∶00角膜层间切穿,注入玻璃酸钠维持前房,环形撕囊,水分离,超声碎核,注吸晶状体皮质,将人工晶状体襻及光学区置入囊袋内,置换前房黏弹剂,单眼纱布遮盖。观察指标:术前和术后第1d;术后1wk检查视力,裂隙灯检查,术前和术后3d内采用非接触型角膜内皮显微镜测量角膜中央区内皮细胞的细胞密度。
统计学分析:运用SASS 17.0统计软件,选择t检验对实验数据进行统计学处理,以P<0.05为有统计学意义。
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