【关键词】 视网膜脱离 脉络膜脱离 巩膜扣带术 玻璃体切除术
【摘要】 目的 探讨伴有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的手术治疗方法及效果。方法 回顾性分析我科近2年来对16例伴有脉络膜脱离的视网膜患者的临床资料,分析术前糖皮质激素的应用、手术方式的选择和PVR的程度与手术效果的关系。结果 16例患者随访3~12个月,13例视网膜完全复位,1例未复位,2例复发,治愈率为81.3%。眼压和视力均有明显的提高。结论 伴有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离较一般的视网膜脱离手术的成功率低,术前及时使用糖皮质激素能抑制葡萄膜炎并提高手术效果,PVR A、B级以巩膜扣带术为宜,尽量不放视网膜下液,PVRC级以上须行玻璃体手术。
关键词 视网膜脱离 脉络膜脱离 巩膜扣带术 玻璃体切除术
Surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
asocisted with choroidal detachment
Peng Chao,Wang Li,Mo Min,et al.
Department of Ophthalmology,Jiangmen Central Hospital,Guangdong529030.
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate surgical methods and effects of retinal detachment associated with choriˉodal detachment.Methods 16eyes of patients were studied late2years.The clinical date,preoperative management,operative methods,therapeuc effects and follow records were analyzed.Results 13cases were completely succeeded,lcase failed,2case redetached,The total successful rate was81.3%.IOP and vision were significantly improved.Conˉclusions The successful rate of retinal detachment associated with choriodal detachment was lower than that the genˉeral retinal detachment.In administration steroid is necessary in severe uveitis before surgery.In eyes with PVRA、B,scleral bucking without drainage of subretinal fluid is the first choices,but vetrectomy is a better choiccs in the eyes with severe PVR.
Key words retinal detachment choriodal detachment scleral bucking vetrectomy
孔源性视网膜脱离伴有脉络膜、睫状体脱离称为脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离,是以低眼压、瞳孔不易散大、严重的葡萄膜炎、易发生增生性玻璃体视网膜病变为特征的一种特殊类型的视网膜脱离。现将我科近2年来治疗了16例伴有脉络膜脱离的视网膜脱离患者的治疗结果分析如下。
1 资料和方法
1.1 一般资料 16例患者中男10例,女6例;年龄39~68岁,平均49.6岁;12例有近视,3例高度近视;视网膜脱离时间4~60天,平均18.5天。
1.2 眼部表现 每例患者入院后均经前置镜(+78D)、间接眼底镜、三面镜、B超详细检查并记录。角膜皱褶3例,角膜后色素性沉着物9例,虹膜粘连2例,晶状体浑浊4例。玻璃体可见浓缩、液化、增生,PVR分级A-C 1 12只眼,C 2 ~C 3 各2只眼。马蹄形裂孔10只眼,圆形孔5只眼,1例为锯齿缘离断。脉络膜脱离1个象限5例,2个象限7例,3个象限4例,其中5例为球形脱离。眼压<2mmHg1只眼,2~5mmHg9只眼,5~10mmHg5只眼。
1.3 术前处理 包括局部点激素类滴眼液、长效强力散瞳滴眼液,口服强的松30mg或静脉点滴地塞米松10mg共4~6天。
1.4 手术方法 PVRA-C 1 首选巩膜扣带术,直视下冷凝定位裂孔,7例同时行环扎术,4例术中使用电凝放液机放液,3例术中注入消毒空气,4例注入16%全氟丙烷(C 3 F 8 )。4例玻璃体增生严重者(PVRC级)行睫状体平坦部玻璃体切除术,1例同时行环扎术,术中切除玻璃体后充分剥离视网膜前膜,气液交换;3例充填C 3 F 8 ,1例填充硅油,裂孔冷凝。
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