【摘要】 目的 回顾性分析氪激光治疗与非激光治疗不同程度视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)的临床效果。方法 100例101眼经眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)确诊的BRVO患者(除外合并黄斑囊样水肿或其它影响视力眼病者),其中氪激光治疗57眼,非激光治疗44眼。两组均可见5PD以上的无灌注区(NPA),其中激光治疗组有新生血管形成(NV)者21眼;非激光治疗组有NV者20眼。治疗组用美国Coherent多波长氪激光治疗机进行播散性光凝。非治疗组给予复方丹穹片、维生素C、维生素E口服。定期随诊各组视力、NPA,NV、FFA变化和玻璃体积血(VH)情况。随诊时间3~36个月,平均16.6±8.9个月。结果 激光治疗组:光凝前平均视力0.46±0.18,光凝后末次复诊平均视力0.44±0.21,激光治疗前后视力结果差异无显著性;其单纯NPA眼中:NPA完全封闭31眼(86.11%),无变化1眼(2.78%),发生NV4眼(11.11%);NV眼中:NV退缩15眼(71.43%),无变化2眼(9.52%),发生VH4眼(19.05%),非激光治疗组初诊时平均视力0.48±0.25,末次复诊平均视力0.34±0.22;两者差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);NPA和NV未见消退。其中NPA眼发生NV8眼(33.33%);NV眼发生VH10眼(50%),激光治疗组与非激光治疗组的NV和VH发生率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 激光治疗BRVO可有效地使视网膜NPA消退,NV退缩,预防NV和VH发生,避免视力进一步下降。 for different stage of branch retinal vein occlusion Xu Ding,Dong Fangtian,Chen Youxin,et al. Department of Ophthalmology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Beijing100730. 【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical effects of krypton laser photocoagulation for different stage of branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)retrospectively.Methods 100cases(10eyes)with BRVO(excluded cystoid macular edeˉma or other ocular disease threatening visual acuty)diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)were treated with krypton(treated eyes:57eyes)or no crypton(untreated eyes:44eyes).Both eyes were with capillary nonperfusion area(NPA)involving a retinal area of at least5disc diameters in diameter,in treated eyes,there were21eyes with neovascuˉlarization(NV),in untreated eyes,20eyes with NV.Treated eyes were undergone krypton laser scatter photocoagulation by Coherent Krypton Ion Laser.Patients with untreated eyes took Fufangdanqiongpian,Vitamin C and Vitamin E orally.Visual acuity,fundus,and FFA were examined periodically.The appearances of NV and vitreous hemorrhage(VH)were considered outcomes.The follow up was3~36months(mean16.6±8.9months)Results In treated eyes,visual acuity of pretreatment and post-treatment was0.46±0.18and0.44±0.21,without statistically significant differences.In eyes with NPA only:NPA was disappeared completely in31eyes(86.11%);stable in1eye(2.78%);NV appeared in4eyes(11.11%);in eyes with NV:NV was disappeared in15eyes(71.43%);stable in2eyes(9.52%);VH apˉpeared in4eyes(19.05%).In untreated eyes,intial and last visual acuitywas0.48±0.25and0.34±0.22,with staˉtistically significant differences(P<0.01);NPA and NVwere not disappeared.NVwas appeared in8eyes of NPA eyes(33.33%);VH was appeared in10eyes of NV eyes(50%),there were statistically significant differences in the effect(P<0.05).Conclusions Krypton laser scatter photocoagulation can disappear NPA and NV effectively,and prevent NV,VH and visual loss in BRVO. Key words retinal vein occlusion/therapy laser
视网膜分支静脉阻塞((branch retinal vein occl-usion,BRVO)是眼科常见的眼底血管性病变,其病程缓慢,晚期黄斑损害和新生血管形成(neovascularizaˉtion,NV)所致玻璃体积血(vitreous hemorrhage,VH)是视力下降的主要原因。目前尚无肯定有效的药物治疗 [1] 。视网膜光凝治疗是减少BRVO并发症的主要手段。本文主要总结分析对不同程度BRVO进行激光治疗与非激光治疗的效果,在预防NV和VH发生方面的作用,探讨激光治疗的价值。
1 资料和方法
1.1 一般资料 2000~2003年我院经FFA确诊适合眼底激光的BRVO患者(合并黄斑水肿和其它影响视力的眼病被除外)100例101眼。其中激光治疗56例57眼,非激光治疗44例44眼。治疗组中男34例,女22例;右23眼,左34眼;颞上分支静脉阻塞41眼,颞下14眼,鼻上1眼,鼻下1眼;年龄33~69岁(平均58±8岁);平均病程6.5±2.5月:大于5PD的NPA,未见NV者36眼;有NV者21眼;光凝前平均视力0.46±0.18。非治疗组中男26例,女18例;右20眼,左24眼;颞上分支静脉阻塞25眼,颞下16眼,鼻上2眼,鼻下1眼;年龄39~72岁(平均60±8岁);平均病程6.5±2.5月;大于5PD的NPA,未见NV者24眼,有NV者20眼;初诊时平均视力0.48±0.25。见表1。
表1 患者一般资料统计表100例(略)
1.2 方法 治疗组采用美国Coherent多波长氪激光治疗机进行播散性光凝。光斑直径200~500μm,照射时间0.15~0.2s,能量100~280mW,点数100~300点(平均250点)。光凝范围覆盖整个无灌注区。视网膜能看清者,用绿光光凝,有出血灶遮蔽视网膜者采用红光光凝,大片致密出血者,避开出血区,待出血吸收后补充光凝。非治疗组给予复方丹穹片、维生素C、维生素E口服。
1.3 随诊 激光治疗组与非激光治疗组定期随诊视力、NPA、NV、FFA变化和VH发生情况。随诊时间3~36个月,平均16.6±8.9个月。
2 结果
2.1 视力 治疗组光凝后末次复诊平均视力0.44±0.21,与光凝前相比差异无显著性;非激光治疗组末次复诊平均视力0.34±0.22:与初诊时相比有明显减退(P<0.01),见表2。
表2 治疗组非治疗组视力变化比较(略)
2.2 眼底 在激光治疗57眼单纯NPA被完全封闭31眼(86.11%);无变化1眼(2.78%);发生NV4眼(11.11%);NV眼中:NV退缩15眼(71.43%)见图1;无变化2眼(9.52%);发生VH4眼(19.05%)。非激光治疗44眼:NPA和NV未见消退。其中NPA眼发生NV8眼(33.33%);NV眼发生VH10眼(50%),激光治疗组与非激光治疗组的NV和VH发生率差异有显著性(P<0.05,统计学处理为SPSS软件进行t检验和χ 2 检验)。见表3。
表3 治疗组非治疗组眼底变化比较 (略)
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