【摘要】 目的:探讨糖尿病视网膜病变的激光光凝治疗效果。方法:1998/2006对256例(392眼)糖尿病视网膜病变患者行视网膜激光光凝术,观察视力及眼底荧光血管造影等情况,并随访1~5a。结果:在接受激光光凝治疗的392眼中,108眼(27.6%)视力提高,173眼(44.1%)视力无变化,111眼(28.3%)视力下降。结论:激光光凝术是治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的有效方法。
【关键词】 糖尿病视网膜病变;激光光凝
Effects of laser photocoagulation in treating diabetic retinopathy
Hong Zhang, LanYan Bian, LinPing Liu, JiaQing Li
1Department of Ophthalmology, Guancheng Hospital, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Guangming Eye Hospital, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Peoples Hospital of Lishui City, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province, China; 4Ophthalmologic Center, Sun YatSen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
Abstract AIM: To investigate the effects of laser photocoagulation treatment for diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: From 1998 to 2006, 256 cases (392 eyes) of diabetic retinopathy were treated by laser photocoagulation. The results of visual acuity and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were analyzed. The period of postoperation follow up was from 1 to 5 years. RESULTS: In all 392 eyes with laser photocoagulation, visual acuity was improved in 108 eyes (27.6%), remained unchanged in 173 eyes (44.1%) and decreased in 111 eyes (28.3%). CONCLUSION: The laser photocoagulation is effective in treating diabetic retinopathy. KEYWORDS:diabetic retinopathy;laser photocoagulation
0引言
糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy, DR)是西方国家主要致盲眼病之一。随着生活水平的提高,近年来,也逐渐成为我国致盲的主要原因之一。目前,视网膜激光光凝术已是治疗DR的主要手段[1,2]。本文对1998/2006应用激光光凝术对256例(392眼)DR患者进行了视网膜光凝术,并取得了满意效果,现分析如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
随机抽取1998/2006就诊的DR患者,并符合多中心糖尿病视网膜病变激光治疗组(DRDSG)制定标准,共256例(392眼),双眼发病136例,单眼发病120例,其中男109例(158眼),女147例(234眼),年龄16~72(平均52.6)岁,糖尿病病史2~21a。所有患者均做视力、裂隙灯、检眼镜、眼底荧光血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography, FFA)、眼压及眼部B超检查,明确视网膜微血管瘤、新生血管、无灌注区、黄斑水肿、增殖膜等情况,采用我国DR标准分期[3],其中DRⅡ期116眼,Ⅲ期139眼,Ⅳ期86眼,Ⅴ期51眼,合并黄斑水肿121眼。眼底病变在Ⅱ期以上进行全视网膜光凝(panretinal photocoagulation, PRP),Ⅱ期进行局限性视网膜光凝。
1.2方法
采用德国Zeiss公司生产的532倍频半导体激光,激光参数:功率100~350μW,光斑直径200~500μm,曝光时间0.1~0.3s,激光光凝反应Ⅱ~Ⅲ级,分1~4次进行视网膜光凝治疗,光凝术后1~4wk随访,2~3mo复查FFA,根据造影情况补充视网膜光凝,并随访1~5a时间。评定标准:采用国际视力表查远视力,增加≥2行为视力提高,视力减少≥2行为视力下降,否则为视力无变化,术前视力低于0.1者,以0.02为标准判定视力变化。根据FFA情况,原有新生血管消退,毛细血管无灌注区消失,血管渗漏减少,黄斑水肿减轻,为治疗有效。
2结果
2.1视力变化
视网膜激光光凝术后3mo,其中视力提高者108眼(27.6%),视力下降者111眼(28.3%),视力无明显变化者173眼(44.1%),见表1。表1视网膜激光光凝术前后视力比较眼(略)
2.2眼底变化
术后3mo根据复查FFA情况,治疗有效者303眼(77.3%),无效者89眼(22.7%),见表2。表2视网膜激光光凝术前后眼底比较眼(略)
2.3并发症情况
本组病例中有5例激光光凝治疗中并发眼底出血,经止血等药物治疗出血吸收。3~6mo复查FFA有35眼病情继续进展,其中18例合并玻璃体积血,2例合并视网膜脱离,均行玻璃体切割或联合视网膜脱离复位术,术中再予补激光光凝治疗。
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