【摘要】 目的:观察小梁切除术对泪膜的影响及术后泪膜功能的恢复情况。
方法:42例(42眼)急性闭角型青光眼行小梁切除的患者,分别于术前1d,术后1,7d;1,3mo观察患者的主观感觉,并行泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SIt)、角膜荧光染色(CFS)检查。
结果:与术前相比术后1,7d患者的不适症状评分CFS评分较术前显著增加 (P<0.01),泪膜稳定性显著下降,泪液分泌明显增加(P<0.01);术后1,3mo不适症状明显减轻,CSF接近术前水平,与术前相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。泪膜稳定性、泪液分泌与术前相比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。
结论:小梁切除术可显著影响泪膜稳定性,至术后3mo,所有检查项目均可恢复至术前水平。
【关键词】 小梁切除术;泪膜;急性闭角型青光眼
Affection on tear film after trabeculectomy in glaucoma
GeFei Zhu, Wei Peng, XiuZhen Zhou, Ting Zeng
Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Peoples Hospital, the Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
Abstract AIM: To observe tear film changes and recovery after trabeculectomy. METHODS: Fortytwo patients undergoing trabeculectomy were involved in this randomized study. Uncomfortable symptoms were inquired ,as well as tear breakup time, Schimer I test value and corneal fluorescein staining were measured on preoperative day 1 and postoperative day 1,7 as well as in 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: On postoperative day 1, 7, the dry eye symptoms scores and CFS scores increased significantly (P<0.01), and the mean BUT and SIt value decreased significantly (P<0.01). At 1and 3 months, the mean BUT and SIt value returned to their preoperative values (P>0.01). And the dry eye symptoms scores and CSF scores also returned to their preoperative values (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy significantly alters the stability of tear film. The tear film function returned to preoperative conditions in 3months after operation. KEYWORDS: trabeculectomy; tear film;acute angleclosure glaucoma
0引言 随着对眼表疾病的深入研究,发现部分手术对术眼泪膜的正常功能有影响,甚至发生干眼[1]。小梁切除术是治疗急性闭角型青光眼的常用手术方法,但术后患者常常主诉异物感、眼干等症状[2]。本研究对急性闭角型青光眼患者小梁切除术后的泪膜情况进行了分析,以了解该手术对术眼泪膜的影响。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 选取200506/200612我院行小梁切除术的急性原发性闭角型青光眼患者42例(42眼),其中男15例,女27例,年龄45~67(平均55)岁。病例选择标准:0.5a内无眼部用药史,无眼部激光或其他眼部手术操作史,无影响泪液的其他系统疾病。
1.2方法 所有患者术前以药物控制眼压至正常范围,利多布比卡因球周麻醉,开睑器开睑,缝吊上直肌。作11∶00~1∶00位以穹隆部为基底的结膜瓣,巩膜面烧灼止血。12∶00位作梯形(上底3mm,下底5mm,高4mm)1/2巩膜厚度的巩膜瓣,以灰白交界为后缘向前切除1mm×3mm的角膜缘组织,在梯形巩膜瓣的两上角各缝合一针。结膜瓣用10/0尼龙线缝合于角膜缘,使结膜瓣覆盖手术区域。结膜下注射妥布霉素2万U及地塞米松2mg。术后1d开放术眼,妥布霉素/地塞米松(典必舒)滴眼,托吡卡胺术前点眼。分别于术前1d,术后1,7d;1,3mo,所有患者询问是否存在不适症状(干涩感、异物感、烧灼感),并进行泪膜破裂试验,角膜荧光染色评分、泪液分泌试验检查。评分标准:(1)不适症状包括干涩感、异物感、烧灼感、无症状的为0分;持续出现明显症状为1分;间断出现轻度症状为2分;持续出现明显症状为3分。3个症状的评分相加,采用0~9分制记录结果。(2)泪膜破裂时间:采用天津晶明Q/12KF38792000标准荧光滤纸条,按常规检查方法进行。(3)泪液分泌试验检查:采用天津晶明YZB/津03602004型标准5mm×35mm泪液检测滤纸条,按常规检查方法进行。(4)角膜荧光染色及评分:将角膜划分为4个象限,每个象限根据染色程度,染色面积分0~3分,0分:角膜无染色;1分:角膜点状染色<5点;2分:角膜点状染色≥5点;3分:角膜点状染色≥5点,并有丝状或块状染色。采用0~12分制记录染色结果。 统计学分析:所有数据采用SPSS 13.0软件进行秩和检验和t检验。
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