超声生物显微镜诊断眼前节微小异物
眼科 1998年第3期第8卷 临床研究
作者:何 雷* 庞秀琴* 杨文利* 王文伟*
单位:*北京同仁医院眼科,100730
关键词:超声检查;显微镜检查;眼异物
摘 要 目的:探讨超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscope,UBM)在眼前节异物诊断中的作用。并与其它影像学检查比较。方法:UBM对6例(6只眼)眼前节异物进行诊断、定位,手术取异物证实诊断。结果:6例6只眼经UBM定位后,成功地取出异物。其中3例为其它影像诊断未能发现的异物。结论:UBM为眼前节尤其是周边部微小异物的诊断开辟了新的途径,为手术成功地取出异物提供了可靠的依据。
分类号 R779.140.4
Mini-foreign body in ocular anterior diagnosed by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy/He Lei…∥Ophthalmol CHN.-1998,7(3),-146~149(Dept.of Ophthalmology,Tong Ren Hospital,Beijing 100730)
To explore the effect of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) on diagnosing foreign body in ocular anterior,foreign bodies in ocular anterior of 6 eyes of 6 patients were diagnosed and their positions were located by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy,which was verified by the operation of taking out foreign bodies.6 fo-reign bodies whose positions were located by UBM were taken out successfully.However,Foreign bodies were not found in 3 eyes by other image examinations.UBM opened up a new way in diagnosing mini-foreign body in ocular anterior and especially periphery,and UBM could provide a dependable evidence for taking out foreign body successfully.
Subject terms Ultrasonography;Microscopy;Eye foreign bodies
超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscope,UBM)是一种新型超声诊断仪。是利用高频超声对眼前节的组织结构进行类似显微镜检查的一种新的影像学检查方法。由于它的分辨率高,能清晰地显示眼内组织结构,从而在一定程度上弥补了其它辅助检查的不足[1]。
1 临床资料
1997年4月至6月经UBM定位检查诊断为球内异物6例(6只眼)均为铁屑击伤,其中2例当时取异物失败;1例两年后出现角膜铁锈沉着症,眼球早期萎缩;另1例伤后1个月来就诊,房角镜下可见房角铁锈沉着;另外4例伤时未发现异物,在一年半到三年后因晶体铁锈沉着症而就诊。
详细情况见表1。
2 方法
2.1 术前检查 术前均散大瞳孔用裂隙灯、检眼镜详细检查眼前节、后节。均行X线检查或薄骨像定位,3例行CT扫描,均做普通B型超声波(B超)检查及UBM检查和定位。
2.2 手术方法 根据UBM定位,做板层巩膜瓣,行磁石试验。阳性者切穿后板层巩膜及色素膜吸出异物;阴性者行白内障囊外摘出术后,用间接检眼镜或在手术显微镜下用眼内导光进一步查找异物。再在巩膜表面定位,切穿后板层巩膜及葡萄膜后吸出异物。玻璃体混浊者同时行玻璃体切除术,眼底正常者行人工晶体植入术。
3 结果
6例眼前节异物UBM定位均在角膜缘至其后6~7mm范围内,定位时尽量以邻近解剖标志为参照物,如眼外肌止端、睫状突、巩膜突等。除1例异物因术中用恒磁铁反复顶压巩膜吸引而落入玻璃体腔,行玻璃体切除术后自睫状体平部接力吸取外;其余5例均从巩膜面UBM定位处吸出异物。术后视力:早期眼球萎缩者眼前光感无变化;1例0.8视力者行单纯异物吸取术视力无变化;4例晶体铁锈沉着症者均植入人工晶体。术后1~3个月裸眼视力0.5~0.9。异物长径≤1mm者5例,1例异物1.5mm×0.5mm。
详细情况见表2
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