作者:王兆艳,李星星,张卯年,崔 霞 作者单位:(100853)中国北京市,中国人民解放军总医院眼科
【摘要】 目的:评估60岁以上老年人群中眼剥脱综合征(exfoliation syndrome,XFS)发病情况及其与青光眼的关系。方法:对19990301/20041231在我院南楼常规查体的14780人进行眼科常规查体,内容有:视力,角膜、虹膜,眼底状态,眼压,怀疑XFS者行散瞳和房角镜检查,怀疑青光眼者则进行视野及其他相关检查,将上述结果登记记录并予以分析。结果:在参与检查的14780人中,XFS患者共1276例(8.63%),青光眼患者共874例(5.91%),二者的患病率均随年龄增加逐渐升高。既有青光眼又有XFS的患者为233例(18.26%)。结论:眼XFS作为一种年龄相关性体征随年龄增加发生率增高,其青光眼发病率高于正常对照组,对该组患者需加强随访,及时治疗。
【关键词】 高龄;剥脱综合征;青光眼
Incidence of exfoliation syndrome and its association with glaucoma in eld people
ZhaoYan Wang, XingXing Li, MaoNian Zhang, Xia Cui
Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853,China
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the incidence of exfoliation syndrome and its association with glaucoma in eld people.
METHODS: 14780 cases over 60 years old were performed general ocular examinations, such as visual acuity, cornea, iris, and IOP,and those whose optic disc were glaucomalike were performed visual field examination. The data were recorded and analyzed.
RESULTS: In 14780 individuals, cases with exfoliation syndrome was 1276(8.63%); cases with glaucoma were 874 (5.91%) ;and both showed a increasing tendency with age. Cases were diagnosed as exfoliation syndrome complicated with glaucoma was 233 cases (18.26%).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of exfoliation syndrome showed an increasing tendency with age, and its incidence of glaucoma was higher compared with control group.We should give extensive followup and timely treatment.
KEYWORDS: venerable aged population; exfoliation syndrome; intraocular pressure
0引言
剥脱综合征(exfoliation syndrome,XFS)是一种以纤维样细胞外物质在眼球组织及其他器官组织中产生并沉积的年龄相关性疾病,主要发生于60岁以上的老年人。其发病率文献报道的差异较大,北欧最高,我国目前尚无这方面的详细报道,我们通过眼科查体方式,对我院南楼住院查体的60岁以上的14780人进行眼XFS筛查,调查其发病情况,并研究与其相关的疾病——青光眼的关系。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 整体选择本院南楼19990301/20041231眼科健康查体的14780人,目标人群是≥60岁,受检人群出生地散布全国各地,但其中98.5%近20a一直居住在北京。年龄60~90(平均78.45±9.59)岁,男14706例,女74例,女性仅占总人数的0.5%,故未将性别作为一因素考虑。
1.2方法 眼科常规检查内容主要为视力(矫正),裂隙灯检查角膜、虹膜,晶状体,直接检眼镜检查眼底,应用日本Cannon公司生产的非接触眼压计测量坐位眼压,对可能的XFS患者散瞳检查晶状体前表面及周边,前房角镜检查房角,怀疑青光眼者进行相应检查,上述所有操作均由我们完成。XFS诊断标准:瞳孔缘有灰白色点状头皮屑样物质沉积;散瞳后晶状体前囊膜表面可见3个形态不同的区带:中央盘状区,稍向外为环形透明区,最外为周边颗粒层带。青光眼诊断标准:原发性闭角型青光眼,病史中有或无青光眼的发作史,周边前房浅,高眼压状态下前房角部分或全部关闭;原发性开角型青光眼,眼压>21mmHg,房角在正常状态或高眼压状态下均保持开放,但有典型的青光眼视野改变;正常眼压性青光眼,眼压从未高于24mmHg,视野检查有典型的青光眼视野改变,房角开放,无引起视盘或视野改变的其他眼病。
统计学分析:患病率的差异由行列表的卡方检验进行统计学分析,年龄矫正的发病率用直接方法计算,用多元逐步回归分析研究年龄与XFS的关系。
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