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4.2台盼蓝 浓度为0.6g/L的台盼蓝曾被大量应用在白内障手术中，使前囊染色，以利于截囊，现也被应用于眼后节手术中。通常的手术方法是先进行玻璃体切除，剥离玻璃体后皮质，进行气液交换后，将一定浓度的台盼蓝注入视网膜表面，保留1～2min后用笛针将染料吸出，再气液交换，多余的染料被冲洗出。这时ILM被染成很淡的蓝色可以进行ILM的剥离。台盼蓝对ILM和视网膜前膜无选择性，但在视网膜前膜的着色浓于ILM，已足够辨认行ILM剥离。台盼蓝在安全性方面及长期存留方面被认为优于ICG。手术1mo后，眼底镜检查未发现染料残留[16]。Schumann等[17]研究发现台盼蓝染色辅助下的ILM剥离，与ICG辅助下的对比，对视网膜形态学的影响比较小。而Christensen等[18]的研究表明台盼蓝染色的ILM剥离与ICG辅助的ILM剥离，在孔解剖复位的情况下，视力提高的程度没有显著差异。台盼蓝常用的浓度有0.6g/L和2g/L。2g/L的台盼蓝表现出对玻璃体内成纤维细胞轻度的毒性反应，且其对视网膜的长期作用还不清楚。
4.3曲安奈德 曲安奈德（triamcinolone acetonide,TA）被用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变中的黄斑水肿、视网膜中央静脉阻塞和葡萄膜炎中。故ILM剥离术中应用曲安奈德染色除了帮助手术者辨认ILM外，还可以减轻术后炎症反应。通常所用的方法是将40mg的曲安奈德溶于2mL的平衡液中，然后注入后极部玻璃体，此时玻璃体后皮质清晰可见，用玻璃体钩分离视乳头和后部视网膜的后皮质，然后进行完全的玻璃体切除，TA混悬液再次被注入后极部，这时可见ILM表面分布有细小的白色颗粒，剥除后行气液交换。Enaida等[19]发现手术结束时在黄斑下就可以看到一些TA，术后第2d，黄斑下可见到白色的曲安奈德颗粒，以后检查可见曲安奈德颗粒数量逐渐减少，在2wk内即完全消失。术后患者视力有明显提高，通过眼底镜检查或OCT检查都没有发现形态学改变，荧光造影亦没有特殊发现。Kimura等[20]也发现会有一小部分TA沉积在黄斑部，但是没有发现病理学和功能方面的改变。Schadlu等[21]在38例TA辅助的ILM剥离患者的长期随访中，未发现不良影响。Nomoto等[22]的研究发现，随访1a后的最好矫正视力，在TA染色组要好于ICG染色组。Sayanagi等[15]的研究认为与ICG染色对比，曲安奈德辅助下的ILM剥离，后极部视网膜无异常荧光现象发生。目前，曲安奈德对视网膜神经层和RPE的局部毒性作用还不清楚。因为糖皮质激素受体的影响，TA可导致某些细胞的凋亡，在推荐临床大量应用之前，它的安全性仍须论证。
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