摘 要:目的:回顾性分析平坦部玻璃体切割术治疗眼内异物的临床效果。方法:对32例(32只眼)眼外伤伴有眼内异物患者施行玻璃体切割术、晶体切割术、眼内异物摘出术、视网膜脱离复位及巩膜环扎等联合手术。结果:眼内异物均一次性摘出。随访1~18个月,术后视力提高者24只眼(75%、裸眼或矫正视力≥0.1者17只眼,0.02~0.08者7只眼),不变者3只眼,下降者5只眼(眼球萎缩)。结论:应用平坦部玻璃体切割术摘出眼内异物损伤小、准确且安全,有利于及时处理并发症和提高术后视力,是值得推广的手术方法。
Pars plana vitrectomy for extraction of intraocular foreign bodies
LIU Gang
(Department of Ophthalmology,Affiliated Xu Zhou Hospital,Nanjing Railway Medical College,Xuzhou 221009)
Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of par plan vitrectomy(PPV) for intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs) retrospectively.Methods:32 cases (32 eyes) of IOFBs were performed PPV,Lensectomy,removal of IOFBs,retinal reattachment and circular buckling surgery.Results:The IOFBs were extracted successfully in all cases.The follow-up duration was 1-18 months.Post-operative visual acuity was improved in 24 eyes(75%,the visual acuities with correction or without correction were 0.1 or better in 17 eyes,0.02~0.08 in 7eyes);not changed in 3 eyes and decreased in 5 eyes(eyeball atrophy).Conclusion:PPV in combination with IOFBs extraction is less damaging,accurate and safe.It is favorable for the management of complications and the increase of postoperative vision.It is worth popularizing.
Key words:vitrectomy;eye foreign bodies;eye injuries/surg▲
眼球穿通伤伴有眼内异物存留是眼科较为复杂难治的眼病之一,若同时伴有白内障、玻璃体混浊、视网膜脱离(RD)、角膜混浊、异物非磁性等使异物的摘出更为困难。随着玻璃体切割手术的发展,为眼内异物的摘出提供了有效的手段,其预后明显改善。我们于1996年6月起采用平坦部玻璃体切割术治疗眼内异物32例(32只眼),现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本组32例(32只眼)患者中,男27例,女5例。年龄18~55岁,平均23岁。致伤原因:爆炸伤14例,金属击伤14例,非金属击伤4例。角膜穿通伤14例,巩膜穿通伤10例,角巩膜穿通伤8例。所有患者均有严重的玻璃体混浊,并或伴有白内障或化脓性眼内炎或RD等。眼内异物均位于眼球后段。角巩膜伤口均已行一期清创缝合术。玻璃体手术距受伤时间7天以内7例,7~14天17例,14~21天6例,1个月或以上者2例。所有患者术前视力为光感~手动。
1.2 手术方法
手术在德国M%26Ouml;ller—900型高级手术显微镜下,使用美国Alcon公司STTO—4000型眼科显微手术系统进行。术前除行眼科常规检查外,还进行眼部CT和彩色多普勒检查,便于异物定位和观察玻璃体视网膜状况。手术按常规行睫状体平坦部三切口闭合式玻璃体切割术。对合并白内障者,先行经睫状体平部的晶体切除术,术中尽量保留前囊膜,然后行玻璃体切割,并尽量剥离切除视网膜前膜。发现异物后,先处理好异物周围的增生机化物,再取出异物。对视网膜裂孔行眼内电凝或冷凝封孔。伴有RD者,根据裂孔位置采用氟碳液体(全氟三丁胺)注入后极部将视网膜下液从裂孔中压出,或气/液交换加笛针从裂孔处吸出视网膜下液,使视网膜复位,然后眼内电凝或冷凝封孔,最后用15%~20%C3F8行充分的气/气交换作为玻璃体腔充填物。术中根据需要行巩膜外环扎术等辅助措施。术后患者俯卧位10~14天。
2 结果
所有患者均一次手术摘出异物。术后随访1~18个月,平均11.7个月。术后视力提高者24只眼(75%),不变者3只眼,下降者5只眼。对无晶体眼矫正视力在0.3以上和术后出现白内障的8只眼,行二期后房型人工晶体植入术或联合白内障摘除术,术后视力均达0.3以上,最佳视力达0.8。末次随访时,裸眼或矫正视力≥0.1以上者17只眼;0.02~0.08者7只眼;光感~手动者3只眼,眼球萎缩者5只眼。
术后玻璃体再出血混浊者8只眼,经药物治疗吸收者6只眼。RD者6只眼(复发2只眼),3只眼经再次玻璃体切割术联合C3F8充填后视网膜复位良好,但视力均在0.1以下。5只眼化脓性眼内炎患者中,3只眼术后炎症控制,但视力仅为光感或手动。5例眼球萎缩患者均伴有锯齿缘巨大离断,其中2例为化脓性眼内炎伴有再出血及RD,2例为严重眼球爆炸伤术后复发RD及再出血,1例为伤后1个月手术时即存在RD伴有增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)D2期,术后视网膜未复位,这5例患者均不愿再次手术。
[1] [2] 下一页 |