【摘要】 目的:观察玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿的疗效。
方法:对38例(40眼)黄斑水肿患者行玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德后定期随访6mo,观察治疗前后视力、眼压及眼底FFA黄斑区改变情况。
结果:全部患者玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德后视力比术前提高,黄斑水肿消退或减轻。
结论:玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德可消除黄斑水肿,提高视力,但一过性高眼压及远期效果有待进一步研究
【关键词】 玻璃体内腔注射 曲安奈德 黄斑水肿 FFA
Effect of triamcinolone acetonide injected through vitreous cavity on macular edema
Jie Shao, YaJun Zhou, XiaoDong Zhong, YuanFeng Hua, YuXia Li, Ying Wang, Feng Ke
Department of Ophthalmology, Shiyan Peoples Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China
Abstract AIM: To observe the curative effect of triamcinolone acetonide injected through vitreous cavity on macular edema. METHODS: Thirtyeight patients (40 eyes) with macular edema were injected by triamcinolone acetonide through vitreous cavities. The following up time was 6 months. Their visual acuity before and after the treatment, intraocular pressure, and changes of fundus FFA macular were observed. RESULTS: Compared with preoperative, the visual acuity of all 40 eyes was improved postoperatively. Macular edema decreased or disappeared. CONCLUSION: The method of triamcinolone acetonide injected through vitreous cavity can remove macular edema and improve visual acuity. However, the transient high intraocular pressure and its longterm effect remain to be studied. KEYWORDS: vitreous intraocular injection; triamcinolone acetonide; macular edema; FFA
0引言 黄斑水肿是非独立眼病的眼底病的一常见体征,是机体对血视网膜屏障破坏的非特异性病理反应,指黄斑中心部位的液体积聚和细胞间隙的扩张,可发生在糖尿病(diabetes mellitus, DM)、视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion, RVO)以及白内障、葡萄膜炎、视网膜脱离等多种眼前后段疾病和内眼手术后,长期黄斑水肿会引起视细胞凋亡、视网膜纤维化而导致永久性视力丧失。近年来玻璃体内注射曲安奈德(intravitreal injection of trlarncinolone acetonide,IVTA)治疗各种病变所致的黄斑水肿,在局部发挥作用,以抑制炎症、减轻水肿或使水肿消退,提高视力获得明显效果。我科200502/200609用TA治疗黄斑水肿38例(40眼),观察黄斑水肿患者行玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德取得了良好疗效,现报告如下 。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 选择200502/200609来我院就诊的经眼底检查及FFA检查明确诊断黄斑水肿的38例(40眼)患者行玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德。男17例(18眼),女21例(22眼),年龄36~68(平均53.6)岁。其中RVO 16 例(16眼),糖尿病性视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy, DR)22例(24眼),且以上患者均排除了白内障、屈光不正等影响视力的因素。注射前视力为指数/眼前 ~0.2,眼压均<21mmHg,患者分别于术前和术后1,7d;1,3,6mo进行下列检查:常规检查视力(应用标准对数视力表检查裸眼和矫正视力),测量眼压,眼前节裂隙灯检查,散瞳后间接眼底镜详细检查眼底,常规行FFA检查判断黄斑水肿的程度,全自动电脑视野计检查视野。
1.2方法 局部滴用托百士眼液3d。注射时用商品TA混悬液1mL(昆明积大制药有限公司),内含去炎松40mg,用1mL注射器抽取0.1mL相当于4mg TA。术眼局部常规络合碘消毒铺巾,结膜囊1g/L倍诺喜表面麻醉,在6∶00~ 7∶00角膜缘后约4mm,用25~27号针头刺入玻璃体腔内约3~4mm,确定针头进入玻璃体腔后,缓慢推注0.1mL TA,拔除针头。结膜下注射妥布霉素2万U+地塞米松2.5mg,涂典必殊眼膏,敷料包扎术眼。选择颞下方注射的原因是因为药物呈结晶状混悬颗粒,注射后即悬浮在下方玻璃体内,不至影响视轴的透明,患者视力和眼底的观察。
2结果 病例40眼于注药后第1,7d;1,3,6mo复诊,检查视力均较前提高0.04~0.5,有6眼术后前3d内眼压增高,但均<40mmHg,经药物降眼压,于注药后1wk时眼压即恢复正常,眼底检查,黄斑水肿明显减轻或消退。其中有5眼分别于术后1,2,6mo时水肿复发,予再次行玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德,黄斑水肿消退。所有患者除有6眼发生一过性眼压增高外,未发现白内障等其它并发症的出现。
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