【摘要】目的:探讨1CU可调节人工晶状体植入眼内后术眼拟调节能力。方法:通过对2003-06至今我院行白内障超声乳化联合可调节人工晶状体1CU术后对术眼裸眼远、近视力,矫正视力,矫正远视力下的近视力进行测量,并运用主觉近点法、离交法、动态视网膜检影法以及A超测量10g/L匹罗卡品点眼前后前房深度,检测术眼拟调节能力,同期以单焦人工晶状体Acrysof作为临床对比,评价可调节人工晶状体1CU临床应用效果。 结果:1CU组的裸眼近视力和矫正远视力下的近视力好于Acrysof组;带状光检影测量1CU组的调节力为0.99±0.45D,Acrysof组的调节力为0.25±0.22D,两组差异有显著性意义(t =5.623,P <0.05);主觉近点法测量1CU组的调节力为1.60±0.55D,Acrysof组的调节力为0.42±0.22D,两组差异有显著性意义(t =2.147, P <0.05);离焦法测量1CU组的调节力为1.46±0.52D,Acrysof组的调节力为0.52±0.35D,两组差异有显著性意义(t =2.647, P < 0.05);滴用匹罗卡品眼药水后分别测量1CU组和Acrysof组前房深度(ACD)变化,两组比较有显著性差异(t =4.374, P <0.05)。结论:1CU可调节人工晶状体可以明显提高近视力,使白内障患者术后获得一定的调节力。
【关键词】 可调节人工晶状体 1CU 调节
Measurement of accommodation after implantation of the 1CU accommodating posterior chamber intraocular lens
Bo Ma, Cong-Yi Wang, Li Chen, Li-Li Wang
Foundation item: Foundation of Science Department from Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, China (No.GG04112)
Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Hospital of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Correspondence to: Bo Ma. Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Hospital of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China. [email protected]
Received:2006-11-22 Acceped:2007-01-02
Abstract AIM: To evaluate the clinical outcome after implantation of the new 1CU accommodating intraocular lens in cataract patients. METHODS: Since July 2003, patients with age-related cataract admitted in our hospital underwent phacoemulsifi- cation and were implanted with 1CU IOL, and the uncorrected and corrected distance and near visual acuity, distance corrected near acuity were observed. The following methods were used to measure accommodation: dynamic with objective techniques (streak retinoscopy) and subjective techniques (subjective near point, defocusing); static with pharmacologic stimulation after pilocarpine 1% eyedrops indirectly (change in the anterior chamber depth). The results were compared to those of foldable acrylic IOL (Acrysof, Alcon). RESULTS: The near visual acuity and distance corrected near acuity of 1CU group were better than those of Acrysof group. Accommodation amplitudes were 0.99±0.45D and 0.25±0.22D measured by streak retinoscopy (t=5.623, P<0.05), 1.60±0.55D and 0.42±0.22D by subjective near point (t=2.147, P<0.05), and 1.46±0.52D and 0.52±0.35D by defocusing (t=2.647, P <0.05) in the study and control study groups, respectively. The mean ACD was 0.63±0.15mm and 0.18± 0.12mm after pilocarpine 1% eyedrops, respectively. CONCLUSION: 1CU accommodating IOL can provide good near visual acuity and accommodation amplitude for cataract patients.
· KEYWORDS: accommodating intraocular lens; 1CU; accommodation
0引言
随着科技的不断发展,白内障手术技术日臻完善,人工晶状体的发展也是突飞猛进,不管是制作材料,还是制作工艺,亦或是功能改进,都越来越趋向于术眼尽量保持生理特性。改善白内障术后眼的调节功能是目前人工晶状体设计研究的最大热点和挑战之一,同时,晶状体手术也逐渐拓宽了手术适应证,不仅仅是为了改善视力,因此,近年来眼内屈光手术也逐渐引起了人们的极大兴趣。为了改善人工晶状体眼调节功能的不足,人工晶状体的设计研究从单纯恢复视力向获得更好的生活质量的目标转变,经历了一系列的改良。近年来国内外文献报道了一种新型的可调节人工晶状体(1CU,Human Optics AG,Erlangen,德国)植入眼内后,可在晶状体囊袋内模拟生理状态下晶状体的调节变化,有睫状肌动态控制而获得调节功能,使得人工晶状体眼具有一定的拟调节力。我院自2003-06开始临床应用了该种人工晶状体,并对随访患者应用了多种主客观方法对术眼的调节功能进行检测,现报告分析如下。
1材料和方法
1.1材料 临床观察同时期手术病例。观察病例纳入标准:均为单纯老年性白内障患者,无全身性疾病,排除眼底病变、角膜病变、明显的屈光不正及其他眼部并发症,眼轴长度22~25mm之间,术前角膜散光<1.25D,角膜内皮细胞计数及形态正常,核硬度按Emery分级,均为II~Ⅳ级。通过临床筛选将观察病例分为两组,一组为植入可调节人工晶状体(1CU组),另一组为植入单焦点人工晶状体(SIOL组)。1CU组:共21例(23眼),其中男12例(13眼),女9例(10眼),年龄46~68(平均59.3)岁,术前视力0.05~0.4。SIOL组:共24例(28眼),其中男12例(15眼),女12例(13眼),年龄49~71(平均62.6)岁,术前视力0.04~0.4。患者术前情况两组间无显著差异。测量眼轴和角膜曲率后,采用SRK-公式计算人工晶状体度数,1CU组术后屈光度为-0.2±0.2D,SIOL组术后屈光度为-0.6±0.2D。向所有观察患者讲明应承担的临床观察义务,包括定期随访及配合各项目检查,并取得同意。
晶状体资料: 1CU资料:可调节折叠人工晶状体1CU由德国HumanOptics公司研制,亲水性丙烯酸酯材料,光学部直径5.5mm,全长9.8mm,屈光指数1.46,具有对称的4个袢,袢与光学部的连接设计独特,使得光学部可基于此根据睫状肌的运动而进行适当的前后移位而调节结点位置。需用专门的晶状体推注器植入,植入囊袋后用调位钩将4个袢逐一展开。SIOL资料:对照组采用Acrysof Natural Single-Piece IOL,由美国Alcon公司研制,蓝光滤过型折叠人工晶状体,疏水性丙烯酸酯材料,型号SN60AT,光学部6.0mm,直径全长13.0mm,袢与光学部夹角为0°,屈光指数1.55。
1.2方法 所有观察病例手术由同一术者完成,在表麻或球周阻滞麻醉下施行,应用Alcon公司Legacy-20000型超声乳化仪。行透明角膜切口,连续环形前囊撕除,要求尽量居中,近圆,直径大小约5mm,保证囊袋口能压住人工晶状体边缘,水分离与水分层后,采用摆动手柄微爆破能量输出模式乳化吸除晶状体核,抽吸残余皮质,抛光后囊,囊袋内植入人工晶状体。手术均顺利完成。术后观察指标:一般情况:包括角膜透明度、前房反应、瞳孔大小及对光反应、眼压、IOL位置、后囊膜混浊情况等。视力:裸眼远、近视力,矫正远、近视力。人工晶状体眼调节力检测方法:主观方法采用主觉近点法和离交法;客观方法采用动态视网膜检影法、A超测量10g/L匹罗卡品点眼前后前房深度。
统计学处理:所有资料用专门设计的资料表格纪录,结果用均值、标准差、中位数和可信区间进行描述。统计分析采用SPSS进行统计,当P<0.05时认为有统计学意义。
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