【摘要】 目的:观察应用泪道探通联合硬膜外麻醉导管置入术治疗新生儿泪囊炎的临床效果。方法:对32例(33眼)经反复泪道冲洗无效的新生儿泪囊炎应用泪道探通联合硬膜外麻醉导管置入术,术后麻醉导管保留3d后拔除,拔管后泪道冲洗1次/d,连续3d,并点托百士眼液4次/d,连续1wk。随访6~12mo。结果:选取的33眼中,32眼治愈,1眼探通时阻力较大,未能探通。治愈率达97%。32眼随访6~12mo,无1眼复发。结论:泪道探通联合硬膜外麻醉导管置入术是治疗难治性新生儿泪囊炎的有效方法,值得临床推广应用。
【关键词】 新生儿;泪囊炎;治疗
Lacrimal passage combined with segmental epidural catheter insertion for neonatorum dacryocystitis
JianFu Zhuang ,MeiHua Pan ,XiaoJun Ren ,FangFang Qiu
Xiamen Eye Center Affiliated to Xiamen University,Xiamen 361001,Fujian Province, China
AbstractAIM: To assess the results of probing of lacrimal passage combined with segmental epidural catheter insertion for the treatment of neonatorum dacryocystitis. METHODS: After repeatedly washing lacrimal invalid, 32 cases(33eyes) were uses lacrimal passage combined with segmental epidural catheter insertion. Postoperative anesthesia catheter was removed after 3 days. Lacrimal wash once per day after extubation, for 3 days. Hundred persons entrusted eyedrops four times per day,for 1 week. Followup 612 months.RESULTS: Probing of lacrimal passage combined with segmental epidural catheter insertion achieved successful results in 32 eyes (97%) ,1 eye could not be probed, after 612 months followup,no recur.CONCLUSION: Probing of lacrimal passage combined with segmental epidural catheter insertion was very effective in the treatment of neonatorum dacryocystitis at all ages. KEYWORDS: neonatorum; dacryocystitis; treatment
0引言
新生儿泪囊炎是婴幼儿最常见的眼病之一,由于鼻泪管下端的胚胎残膜没有退化,阻塞鼻泪管的下端,泪液和细菌潴留在泪囊内,引起继发性感染所致。临床表现为婴儿出生以后,一眼或双眼泪溢并有较多分泌物。少数病例可由骨性狭窄或鼻部畸形造成的泪道阻塞。足月婴儿约有6%鼻泪管阻塞[1]。我院在泪道探通的基础上联合硬膜外麻醉导管置入术治疗经反复泪道冲洗无效的新生儿泪囊炎,取得满意的效果。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 选取200712/200805来我院就诊的根据溢泪、泪囊区按压有分泌物流出等临床症状确诊为新生儿泪囊炎患者,先用挤压出患眼泪囊内分泌物后滴抗生素眼液,4次/d,连续1wk,无效等满3mo后行泪道冲洗,1次/wk,连续3次仍然不通的患者32例(33眼),年龄在5~16(平均10.5±2.2)mo,其中男17例(18眼),女15例(15眼)。
1.2方法 患儿平卧于手术床,由助手固定头部及四肢、躯干,行表面麻醉(爱尔凯因眼液点眼一次)。术中先用钝针头冲洗泪道,将泪囊内粘液脓性分泌物冲出,再扩张下泪小点,用6号泪道探针自下泪小点探至泪囊窝达骨壁,此时将探针向上旋转约90°,向下沿自然管道探入鼻泪管达鼻腔。注意用力不要太大,避免假道形成。当探针达闭锁处时出现阻力(部分患儿阻力感不明显),稍用力后有落空感,停止进针,此时由探针注入生理盐水,患儿有吞咽动作或同侧鼻腔有液体流出,证明探通成功。在冲洗过程中,注意冲洗力不宜太大,冲洗液量不宜太多,以免液体进入气管造成呛咳。将细钢丝插入麻醉导管正好到达其前端,按上述泪道探通术法将插有钢丝的硬膜外麻醉导管探入鼻泪管到达鼻腔,并从鼻腔伸出。将钢丝缓慢拔出,剪断泪小点端硬膜外麻醉导管使两端各约2cm暴露在外,并用透明胶布分别固定在额部及颊部。麻醉导管保留3d后拔除。拔管后泪道冲洗1次/d,连续3d,并点托百士眼液4次/d,连续1wk。评价标准:痊愈:患者粘液脓性分泌物消失,无溢泪现象,挤压泪囊区无脓性分泌物,冲洗泪道通畅。好转:患眼分泌物消失,仍有溢泪现象,冲洗泪道通而不畅。无效:患者仍有溢泪流脓现象,挤压泪囊仍有脓性分泌物溢出,冲洗泪道不通。
2结果 选取的33眼中,32眼治愈,1眼探通时阻力较大,未能探通,治愈率达97%。32眼随访6~12mo,无1眼复发。
[1] [2] 下一页 |