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3.3 黄斑裂孔 黄斑微视野计出现的早期便被用于黄斑裂孔的检查，Acosta等［14］在1991年便描述了黄斑裂孔在微视野检查下的绝对暗点以及偏中心注视的特征性表现，随后又有多项研究报导了类似的改变［15,16］。随着手术治疗黄斑裂孔的发展，黄斑微视野也逐渐成为了监测术后视功能恢复过程的有力工具［17,18］。同时微视野检查还可以鉴别黄斑裂孔与假性黄斑裂孔，如前所述，黄斑裂孔表现为绝对暗点以及偏中心注视点的形成，而假性黄斑裂孔的光敏感度无明显下降或仅轻度下降，而注视点仍位于“裂孔”区域内［15,16］。
3.4 中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变 中浆病是常见的黄斑疾病，常导致中心视力下降以及视物变形，而黄斑微视野研究则显示视网膜浆液性脱离导致光敏感度下降，且积液量与光敏感度的损害程度相关。神经视网膜下液吸收后数月，原脱离区仍可见光敏度的下降［19］。
3.5 Stargardt 病 Stargardt病是一种由ABCA4基因变异引起的常染色体隐性遗传的黄斑疾病，眼底改变以黄斑色素紊乱、萎缩，可伴中周部多发的白色斑点为特征。在病变早期，微视野检测可见多个孤立的小片状旁中心暗点，而中心凹可不受累。而病变后期，中心凹受累严重时，注视点常移至中心暗区的上方，新形成的偏中心注视点是不稳定的，呈竖椭圆形的分布，垂直方向上变异较大［20］，这一注视行为的变化具有特征性，可帮助鉴别锥杆细胞变性以及其它眼底改变与Stargardt病相似的疾病。
3.6 卵黄样黄斑变性 卵黄样黄斑变性以其独特的眼底改变而得名，又名BEST病，病程可分为：卵黄样前期，卵黄样期，假性脓肿期，卵黄样破裂期，萎缩期。JarcVidmar等［21］对不同病变分期的卵黄样黄斑变性患者进行微视野的检查，均表现为中心视野的缺损，但不同的病变分期与视功能的损害并无直接关联。因此无法根据眼底病变的形态推测微视野的损害。在中心视力受损轻微的患眼微视野检查表现为细小的相对或绝对暗点而注视点常位于暗区的边缘。
4总结
黄斑微视野检测出现已超过20a，为各种黄斑疾病提供了独特的视功能检查手段，而新型的黄斑微视野计的出现促进了这一检查手段的推广，丰富了视功能检测的手段，拓展了对黄斑疾病的认识。在观察病情进展、评估治疗效果、辅助视觉训练等方面有重要的应用价值。
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