作者:赵军,成洪波,肖思瑜,黄丽娜,陈 庆,朱家东
作者单位:(518001)中国广东省深圳市,暨南大学第二临床医学院 深圳市眼科医院
【摘要】目的:探讨原发性开角型青光眼(primary open angle glaucoma,POAG)视盘损伤可能性估测法(disc damage likelihood scale,DDLS) 与海德堡视网膜断层成像仪Ⅱ型(Heidelberg retina tomographⅡ,HRTII)盘沿参数的相关性。
方法:对48例(92眼) POAG在裂隙灯显微镜下经+90D非球面凸透镜测量其视盘垂直径,按DDLS分期及进行HRTII视盘立体测量。经相关系数分析DDLS分期与盘沿面积( rim area, RA)、盘沿容积( rim volume, RV)及与青光眼分期间的相关性。
结果:DDLS与RA值之间存在着极强的负相关(r= 0.835, P<0.01 );DDLS RV值之间存在着强的负相关(r= 0.697, P<0.01);DDLS分期与青光眼病情轻重(分期)间存在着正相关性(r=0.804,P<0.01)。
结论:DDLS与HRTII视盘盘沿参数值间具有显著的相关性。
【关键词】 POAG;DDLS;HRTII
Correlation between disc damage likelihood scale and optic disc parameters measured with HRTII in primary open angle glaucoma
Jun Zhao, HongBo Cheng, SiYu Xiao, LiNa Huang, Qing Chen, JiaDong Zhu
Foundation item: Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen (No.200603156)Shenzhen Eye Hospital, the Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518001, Guangdong Province, China
Correspondence to: Jun Zhao. Shenzhen Eye Hospital, the Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518001, Guangdong Province, China. [email protected]
AbstractAIM: To determine the correlation of disc damage likelihood scale (DDLS) with optic disc parameters measured with Heidelberg retina tomographⅡ(HRTII) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: The vertical diameter of optic disc of 48 patients (92 eyes) with POAG was measured with + 90D lens under slit lamp microscope. DDLS was recorded according to the criteria formulated by the scale. The optic disc parameters of the participants were measured with HRTII. The correlation of DDLS with rim area (RA) and rim volume (RV) were evaluated. The data were assessed by the correlation coefficients.RESULTS: There was strong negative correlation between DDLS and RA(r=0.835, P<0.01). There was negative correlation between DDLS and RV (r=0.697, P<0.01) also. There was positive correlation between DDLS and the glaucomatous stage of the patients (r=0.804,P<0.01). CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between DDLS and the optic disc parameters measured with HRTII in patients with POAG. KEYWORDS: primary open angle glaucoma; disc damage likelihood scale; Heidelberg retina tomographⅡ
0引言
视盘的检测是青光眼早期诊断和监测病程的重要手段,临床上检测青光眼视神经损害沿用“杯盘比值(cup/disc,C/D)”,缺乏对视神经视网膜嵴即盘沿(rim)组织丧失的描述。Spaeth等[1 ]提出了青光眼性视盘损伤评定法,即视盘损伤可能性估测法(disc damage likelihood scale,DDLS) 及海德堡视网膜断层成像仪Ⅱ型(heidelberg retina tomographⅡ,HRTII)均可对青光眼视盘盘沿损伤进行评价,此两种视盘盘沿损伤评价法相关性有待观察。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
200508/200805经我院诊治的原发性开角型青光眼(primary open angle glaucoma,POAG)共48例(92眼),使用药物治疗者66眼,未治疗者26眼;男34例(66眼),女14例(26眼);年龄:(50.89±15.29)岁;远视力:0.62±0.41;C/D值:0.74±0.21;屈光度:(0.38±1.36)D;检查时眼压:(19.43±9.30) mmHg。研究对象纳入标准:(1)入院前至少曾有1眼眼压>21mmHg ; (2)眼底检查显示青光眼性视盘损害和/或视网膜神经纤维层缺损; (3)具有青光眼性视野缺损; (4)房角检查为开角。具有以上4项或具有第1、4 项与第2、3 项其中之一者诊断为POAG。研究对象排除标准:(1)屈光不正度数高于5.0D; (2) 屈光间质混浊,影响眼底及视盘直径测量者; (3)任何视网膜病变或非青光眼性的视神经病变;(4)任何视盘异常:如倾斜视盘、视盘玻璃膜疣、视盘小凹等视盘的先天异常; (5)继发性青光眼;(6)有眼外伤史者。
1.2方法
1.2.1视盘垂直径的测量及DDLS估测法
(1) 测量视盘垂直径的大小。扩瞳状态下,在BM900型裂隙灯显微镜下经+90D非球面凸透镜将光线聚焦在视盘上,裂隙灯光束的宽度稍大视盘的横径,调节裂隙灯光束的长度,使其上、下边与视盘的上、下盘缘相切后,使之形成一个矩形,即可从裂隙灯测量器上读数,乘以透镜的校正因子,即为视盘垂直径长度(mm)。计算公式:视盘直径(mm) = 测量值×1.3。DDLS按视盘垂直径将视盘分为3个等级: 大视盘(垂直径>2.0mm)、中等大小视盘(垂直径1.5~2.0mm)、小视盘(垂直径<1.5mm)。(2)确定rim最窄处的宽度。以rim/disc比表达,即最窄处的rim宽度与同一径线上视盘直径之比;如无视杯存在,则rim/disc比为0。5;如rim完全丧失(即rim/disc比为0),则用rim缺损区的弧度范围大小表达,最后根据DDLS分期表对视盘损伤进行评定(表1)。各次检查均由同一医生操作。
1.2.2 HRT2Ⅱ对视盘的立体测量
采用德国Heidelberg Engineering公司的HRTⅡ检查。扫描激光波长670nm,每图384×384个像素,扫描域为15°×15°。经计算机统计分析得出该幅地形图的视盘各参数。本研究选择观察盘沿的2个参数即盘沿面积(rim area, RA)和盘沿容积(rim volume, RV)。各次检查均由同一医生操作。
1.2.3视野检查 验光后行Humphrey750型全自动静态视野242程序检查。每位患者至少有两次视野检查经验,取最近一次检查的视野结果。参照Becker视野分期法将青光眼组分为早期、进展期和晚期。
统计学处理:统计学分析采用SPSS 11.5统计软件。视盘DDLS分期与RA及RV间采用Pearson相关系数进行分析;DDLS分期与青光眼分期之间的相关性采用Spearman相关系数进行分析。
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