作者:庄鹏,林映竑,韩雅玲
作者单位:(363000)中国福建省漳州市,福建医科大学附属漳州市医院 漳州市眼科中心
【摘要】目的:分析人工晶状体位置异常的临床情况。
方法:人工晶状体异位23眼包括人工晶状体玻璃体腔脱位、瞳孔夹持、“刮雨器(雨刷)”综合征等,原因为术中后囊膜破裂、后发性白内障、人工晶状体襻变形、外伤等,应用旋转复位法、后囊膜夹持固定法、玻璃体切除或加睫状沟缝线法等。
结果:术后视力明显提高19眼,症状明显减轻至消失,人工晶状体位置固定。
结论:提高人工晶状体植入手术技术是减少术后人工晶状体异位的主要措施,根据人工晶状体异位的不同情况应用各种复位技术可得到良好效果。
【关键词】 晶状体;人工;位置异常;手术后并发症
Causes and management of dislocated intraocular lens
Peng Zhuang, YingHong Lin, YaLing Han
Zhangzhou Eye Center, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
Correspondence to: Peng Zhuang. Zhangzhou Eye Center, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China. [email protected]
AbstractAIM: To analyze the causes of dislocated intraocular lens (IOL) and to evaluate the repositioning techniques.METHODS: The causes of dislocated IOL for 23 eyes were retrospectively analyzed, which included dislocated IOL into the vitreous cavity, papillary capture and windscreen wiper syndrome resulted from posterior capsule rupture during cataract extraction surgery, after cataract, damage of IOL haptics and trauma. The surgical approach to dislocated IOL included IOL repositioning into the ciliary sulcus without suturing, clamp technique of IOL on posterior capsule (i.e. the optics of IOL was pushed behind the posterior capsule tear) and vitrectomy with or without IOL removal or ciliary sulcus scleral suture fixation.RESULTS: Nineteen eyes (83%) had stable IOL position and improved final vision.CONCLUSION: The cataract surgical technique is associated with dislocated IOL. Surgical management of dislocated IOL usually results in satisfactory visual outcomes. KEYWORDS: lens; intraocular; dislocated; postoperative complication
0引言
人工晶状体植入术是白内障手术的主要方式,术后人工晶状体位置异常包括人工晶状体玻璃体腔脱位,移位(偏中心),“刮雨器(雨刷)”综合征,瞳孔夹持等,症状有视力下降,视力不稳定(单眼复视,眩光,光纹,晕轮,虚影,光敏感)[1]等,可严重影响视力。因此人工晶状体异位是再次手术的主要原因之一[2]。报告23眼白内障术后人工晶状体异位,分析发生原因,探讨处理方法和评价其预后。
1对象和方法
1.1对象
23例(眼)术后人工晶状体异位,男16例,女7例,年龄9~80(平均43.9)岁,右眼10例,左眼13例;老年性白内障11例,外伤性9例(角膜疤痕8眼),先天性3例;白内障囊外摘除术10眼,超声乳化吸除术5眼,晶状体切除加玻璃体切除术8眼;白内障手术和复位手术(就诊)时间为3d~8a,平均16.9mo。术前视力无光感0.6,术后视力无光感1.0,除1眼术后眼压低外,余22眼手术前后眼压正常。
1.2复位手术方法
1.2.1旋转复位法
旋转复位法5眼,常规麻醉后,自角膜缘穿刺口或原先手术切口(早期手术),进入1~2把定位钩,在粘弹剂的保护下,将人工晶状体襻旋转至睫状沟固定。
1.2.2玻璃体切除或加睫状沟缝线法[3]
玻璃体切除或加睫状沟缝线法,10眼切除前房和人工晶状体周围玻璃体,取出人工晶状体或仅是襻,根据后囊膜存留情况决定单襻(3眼)或双襻(3眼)或无需(4眼)聚丙烯缝线睫状沟缝合固定,2眼根据病情未再植入人工晶状体。
1.2.3后囊膜夹持固定法
后囊膜夹持固定法6眼,做角膜缘穿刺口,前房注入粘弹剂,用锋利针头、穿刺刀、囊膜剪刀或玻璃体切割头切开或切除后囊膜或加部分虹膜,完成正中4~5mm孔隙,必要时切除前部玻璃体,将人工晶状体光学部推入后囊膜孔,夹持于后囊膜后,而襻留在后囊膜前的睫状沟或囊袋内,清除眼内粘弹剂,保证切口紧密。
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