作者:张翠英,穆长征,刘 华,龚 蕤,刘英华,冯 颖,李 红
作者单位:1(121000)中国辽宁省锦州市亚东眼病医院;2(121000)中国辽宁省锦州市,辽宁医学院
【摘要】 目的:研究小牛血去蛋白提取物(Deproteinized extract of calf blood ,DECB)作为白内障超声乳化术中冲洗剂和术后留置剂对角膜内皮细胞损伤的修复作用。
方法:采用纯种日本大耳白兔24只制作超声乳化白内障摘除术动物模型,右眼为实验组采用加入DECB的BSS(平衡盐灌注液)作为术中冲洗剂和术后留置剂,左眼为对照组采用BSS必施为术中冲洗剂和术后留置剂。术前及术后即刻,术后6,12,24,72,168h分别裂隙灯下观察角膜;使用接触型角膜内皮反射显微照相系统定量分析内皮细胞平均面积(average size)、变异系数(coefficient of variability)、细胞密度( cell density);术后即刻,术后24,72h行内皮细胞染色计算内皮细胞活性率;术后6,24h、术后3d取实验兔角膜行透射电子显微镜观察。
结果:术后裂隙灯下实验组和对照组兔角膜无明显差别;术后即刻、术后6,12h角膜内皮平均面积,变异系数和内皮细胞密度(P <0.05),差异有统计学意义;术后72h,角膜内皮细胞平均面积,变异系数,差异有显著统计学意义,内皮细胞密度(P <0.05);术后168h角膜内皮细胞平均面积,变异系数和内皮细胞密度差异没有统计学意义。术后透射电子显微镜观察实验组和对照组兔角膜内皮细胞超微结构:实验组细胞损伤明显轻于对照组。
结论:DECB能够促进超声乳化白内障摘除术角膜内皮细胞损伤的修复
【关键词】 白内障超声乳化术;角膜内皮细胞;损伤修复;透射电子显微镜
Rehabilitation function of deproteinized extract of calf blood in phacoemulsification of corneal endothelium
Cui-Ying Zhang1,2, Chang-Zheng Mu2, Hua Liu1, Rui Gong1, Ying-Hua Liu1, Ying Feng1, Hong Li1
Foundation item: Science & Technology Project of Liaoning Province, China (No. 2005225003)
1 Yadong Eye Hosptial, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China;2 Liaoning Medical College, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China
Abstract AIM: To study the effect of deproteinized extract of calf blood (DECB) in the phacoemulsification on corneal endothelium as irrigate and detain agent. METHODS: Twenty-four albino rabbits were prepared for animal model by phacoemulsification. Their right eyes and left eyes were experiment group and control group, with he irrigate and detained agent being BSS balance salt added DECB and BSS balance salt only, respectively. Before operation and postoperative 0, 6, 12, 24, 72, 168 hour, corneal was observed through slit-lamp, the corneal endothelium was quantitative analyzed through corneal endothelium image micrograph system, and the fine structure of corneal endothelium was observed by transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The two groups had not significant difference on slit-lamp examine. At 0, 6, 12 hours after operation, there were significant difference on the average size of corneal endothelium, coefficient of variability and cell density between the two groups (P<0.05). At 168 hours postoperation, the average size of corneal endothelium, coefficient of variability and cell density were not significantly different between the two groups. The cell damage is less severe in experiment than in the controls.CONCLUSION: DECB can improve the rehabilitation of corneal endothelium cells in phacoemulsification.
· KEYWORDS: cataract phacoemulsification; corneal endothelium; damage and repair; transmission electron microscope
0引言
自超声乳化治疗白内障以来,如何降低超声乳化过程中角膜内皮的损伤,一直是眼科医生探讨和研究的课题。随着手术仪器、手术方法的改进和粘弹剂的出现,其手术并发症越来越少;但必须承认,由于各种因素的影响,仍然存在发生各种并发症的可能。最常见的是由角膜内皮细胞损伤引起的术后角膜水肿、混浊,甚至是大泡性角膜炎,严重影响手术效果。小牛血去蛋白提取物(DECB)是从幼牛静脉血、胎肝、胸腺中提取,经纯化、超滤等工艺制成的去蛋白小分子制剂,含有有机离子及小分子肽(分子量小于5 000D)、氨基酸、核苷酸、低聚糖、脂类等小分子有机物。DECB能促进葡萄糖向组织内转运, 促进细胞对葡萄糖和氧的摄入及利用,促进细胞代谢,改善细胞的能量代谢状态,对由于缺血造成的细胞能量代谢降低具有拮抗作用,并具有促进内皮细胞和其他类型细胞游走和增殖的作用。本实验以含有一定浓度DECB的BSS作为超声乳化白内障吸除术的术中冲洗剂和术后留置剂,术后观察内皮细胞损伤的修复和再生,探讨DECB在超声乳化术白内障吸除术中应用的可能性。为解决超声乳化白内障吸除术后角膜内皮细胞的修复提供新的方法,为寻求更好的眼内灌注液提供理论依据,也为DECB新的临床应用提供必要的理论基础和实验依据。
1材料和方法
1.1材料 纯种日本大耳白兔24只,锦州医学院实验动物中心提供;雌雄不限,1.5~2.0kg。小牛血清去蛋白注射液,锦州奥鸿药业有限责任公司提供;爱维(医用透明质酸钠凝胶),山东博士伦福瑞达制药公司提供;BSS必施(平衡盐灌注液),日本参天制药株式会社提供;妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液,S.A.ALCON-COUVREUR N.V 提供;茜素红,天津市大茂化学试剂厂提供;锥蓝(曲利本蓝),天津市光复精细化工研究所;白内障超声乳化系统(sovereign),美国;接触型角膜内皮反射显微照相系统,EM-1020,日本;超薄切片机(LKB-Ⅴ),瑞典;透射电子显微镜(JEM-120EX),日本;显微镜(Olympus),日本。
1.2方法 日本大耳白兔24只右眼设定为实验组,左眼为对照组。使用美国sovereign超声乳化系统,常规显微手术器械,设置恒定参数: 乳化功率20%,负压33.25kPa,(1mmHg=0.133kPa),瓶高170mm,乳化时间100s。手术前,所有日本大耳白兔均用复方托吡卡胺滴眼液散瞳,100g/L水合氯醛腹腔注射麻醉,用盐酸奥布卡因点双眼表面麻醉角膜。实验组灌注液为含100mg/L DECB的BSS,对照组灌注液为BSS。用兔头固定器固定好,庆大霉素-生理盐水冲洗术眼,于上方12点位角巩膜缘穿刺入前房,注入黏弹剂;环行撕囊;扩大切口至3mm超声乳化头置于中央区乳化吸出晶状体核及皮质;手术结束后1min自角膜缘处吸出0.1mL房水,随后实验组将0.1mL含有100mg/L DECB液的BSS注入前房;对照组将0.1mL BSS注入前房。记录抽吸力,灌注量等指标。术后妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液点双眼,2h 1次。术后裂隙灯观察角膜。应用日本Topcon公司生产的EM-1020型接触型角膜内皮反射显微照相系统对角膜中央区0.25mm×0.37mm范围进行照相,行角膜内皮细胞形态学定量测定;然后进行统计分析,观察时间为术前和术后即刻,术后6,12,24,72, 168h。测量指标为平均细胞面积(average size),细胞变异度(cell cytometaplasia),细胞密度( cell density)。分别于术后6,24,72h取实验组和对照组带巩膜环的兔角膜片制作透射电子显微镜标本,观察比较角膜内皮超微结构。
[1] [2] 下一页 |