作者:杨问学,张学辉,李军,唐颖,常庆,朱秀萍 作者单位:(710002)中国陕西省西安市眼科医院;(710002)中国陕西省西安市,陕西省眼科研究所
【摘要】目的:临床观察近视回归镜对青少年近视发展的防治作用。
方法:随机选取52例在我院视光中心就诊的年龄在9~18岁近视患者配戴近视回归镜作为治疗组,观察裸眼视力变化,屈光度变化,眼轴长度及角膜曲率变化情况.并与52例年龄及屈光度相似的近视患者配戴框架眼镜作为对照组,观察时间12mo。
结果:治疗组屈光度增加<0.50D者38例(76眼)有效率73.1%,对照组屈光度增加<0.50D者18例(36眼)有效率34.6%,两组间有显著差异(P<0.01);治疗组裸眼视力下降<2行者39例(78眼)有效率73.6%,对照组裸眼视力下降<2行者10例(20眼)有效率19.2%,两组间差异有显著性(P<0.05);眼轴长度及角膜曲率值变化治疗组与对照组之间无明显差别。
结论:近视回归镜对青少年近视发展有延缓作用。
【关键词】 近视;近视回归镜
Clinical observation of myopia recovering glasses on controlling juvenile myopia progression
WenXue Yang,XueHui Zhang,Jun Li,Ying Tang,Qing Chang,XiuPing Zhu
Xian Hospital of Ophthalmology, Xian 710002, Shaanxi Province, China;Shaanxi Institute of Ocular Disease, Xian 710002, Shaanxi Province, China
Abstract AIM: To observe the preventive and therapeutic effects of myopia recovering glasses (MRG) on young people with myopia. METHODS: Fiftytwo young people with myopia in the treatment group, aged from 9 to 18 years, were randomly selected among patients at the optometric centre in our hospital, who wore MRG. And changes of their naked visual acuity, diopter, axial length and corneal curvature were observed and recorded. The control group was composed of 52 myopia patients with the similar age and diopter, who wore frame glasses. The observation period in this study was 12 months. RESULTS: Comparing with the effective rate of 34.6% (18 patients, 36 eyes) on corneal curvature in the control group whose diopter increased less than 0.50D, the effective rate in the treatment group was 73.1% (38 patients, 76 eyes, P<0.01). There were 19.2% (10 patients, 20 eyes) in the control group showing a decrease fewer than 2 lines, but 73.6% (39 patients, 78 eyes, P<0.05) in the treatment group. There were no significant differences of the axial length and corneal curvature between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: The results show that the treatment with MRG is able to slow the progression of juvenile myopia. KEYWORDS: myopia; myopia recovering glasses
0引言 近视是目前严重危害青少年视力的常见病多发病,患病率高达25~30%[1],近年来发病率呈持续上升趋势,且发病年龄提前,进展速度加快。如何预防和治疗近视、防止近视的发展是当今世界的重大课题。虽然治疗近视的方法很多,但是至今仍缺乏疗效较好的方法。近视回归镜从控制和延缓近视度数增加方面入手,根据原有近视度数在双眼前加正附加镜及三棱镜的复合镜片用于看书学习,从而解决近距离作业时调节和集合之间矛盾,实现了低度凸透镜附加基底向内的三棱镜控制近视的观点及双眼合像防治近视的理论[2],充分缓解了调节与集合的关系。极大的满足了治疗量大于近用眼量这一有效条件,将转化近处视标为远处视标(看近等于望远)的复杂仪器结构简化成了一副眼镜结构,方便、实用。我院200506/200610间观察了52例配戴近视回归镜的患者,取得了较好的效果,现将结果报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1对象 我院视光门诊随机选取双眼屈光度在3.00DS以下,年龄在9~18岁52例近视患者作为治疗组,其中0.25~1.00DS为18例,1.00~2.00DS为20例,2.00~3.00DS为14例;男20例,女32例配戴近视回归镜。另选52例年龄、性别、屈光度相似患者作为对照组。两组患者眼科常规检查排除其他眼部疾患,进行常规的裸眼视力检查及客观验光检测屈光度。
1.2方法 采用法国产BScanCiescan型号A/B超测量双眼轴长,日本Topcon OPHTHALMOMETER OM4角膜曲率仪测量角膜曲率,Topcon 8000B电脑验光仪结合人工检影对屈光度进行检测;年龄<12岁用10g/L阿托品眼膏,3次/d,连用3d;12岁以上用5g/L复方托品酰胺散瞳验光,经主观复光确定屈光度配镜视力达到5.0为准。以上结果填入自行设计的表格。治疗组采用奥通科技公司提供的近视回归镜,按其使用说明选取不同型号的近视回归镜配戴;每日近距离用镜≥2h,远距离用眼配戴近视框架矫正眼镜,对照组配戴近视框架眼镜矫正。两组每月复诊视力1次。疗效标准:a有效标准:裸眼视力较治疗前下降<2行(采用国家标准对数视力表)为有效;近视度数增加较治疗前<0.50D为有效;眼轴长增加<0.17mm;角膜曲率增加<0.50D。b无效标准:裸眼视力下降>2行;近视度数增加较治疗前>0.50D;眼轴长增加>0.17mm;角膜曲率增加>0.50D。 统计学处理:χ2检验对计数资料进行统计学分析。
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