【摘要】 青光眼滤过手术失败的主要原因之一是手术后术区成纤维细胞增殖、胶原沉积、滤过泡瘢痕形成,多年来,人们寻找了许多术后抗瘢痕形成的药物和方法来延长滤过泡寿命,提高手术成功率。其中一些已经用于临床,但这些药物和方法也有其不足之处,应用不慎时还会带来一些负面效应。正确的评价和合理的使用它们非常重要。寻找更新的药物和方法仍是目前青光眼研究的方向之一。
【关键词】 青光眼 滤过手术 滤过泡 瘢痕
Advance of substructure and clinical research of anti-scar after glaucoma filtration surgery
Jian Yu , Jian Ye
Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Surgery , Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042,China
Abstract One of the major reasons of the failure after glaucoma filtration surgery is the proliferation of fibroblast, the deposition of collagen and the scar of bleb. Many scientists racked their brains and managed to find many drugs and methods to prolong the life of bleb and improve the successful rate of the operation for many years. Some of them have already been used clinically. Meanwhile, they also have shortcoming and even induce some negative effectives without correct application. It is very important to evaluate them correctly and select them rationally. Searching new drugs and methods is still one of the researching directions of glaucoma at present.
· KEYWORDS: glaucoma; filtration surgery; bleb; scar
0引言
目前滤过手术是治疗青光眼术式中最常用的一种。尽管滤过手术也有很大发展,但青光眼滤过术后2a内的失败率仍达15%~25%,主要原因是成纤维细胞的增殖,细胞外间质的合成,主要是胶原和葡糖氨聚糖的合成,以及继之发生的结膜下组织纤维化,使手术形成的外引流通道狭窄甚至关闭所致[1]。类似于机体其它组织的修复,滤过手术后的伤口瘢痕化是一系列复杂的动态生物学反应过程,在这个动态级联过程的早期即术后14d内进行干预调控是建立良好的滤过通路、减少术后瘢痕化的关键[2]。近年来由于对瘢痕化机制日趋了解、分子生物学迅猛发展和广泛应用,以及来自皮肤创伤修复重塑形、肿瘤转移、角膜瘢痕形成、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变等相关学科的研究进展,极大的促进了安全、特异地调控滤过手术后的修复、防止瘢痕化的研究发展,以下就青光眼术后抗瘢痕的研究进展作一综述。
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