眼科研究 2000年第2期第18卷 临床研究
作者:蒋沁 姚进 袁南荣
单位:210029 南京医科大学第一附属医院眼科
关键词:穿透性角膜移植术;虹膜粘连
摘要 目的 为提高手术成功率、减少并发症,对无前房复杂性穿透性角膜移植手术的方法和技巧进行改革。方法 14例(14眼)无前房的穿透性角膜移植手术,术中采用了制作球结膜瓣和巩膜瓣以利引流的方法,并在分离虹膜前后粘连形成前房及白内障摘出和同期人工晶状体植入的方法上进行了改良。结果 随访6~12个月,其中12眼植片透明,2眼半透明,取得了满意效果。结论 探讨了改进手术方法的解剖生理依据,证明了此方法在临床上的实际使用价值。
分类号 R 779.6
The surgical technique of complex penetrating keratoplasty without
anterior chamber
Jiang Qin,Yao Jin,Yuan Nanrong.
Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical
University,Nanjing 210029
Abstract ObjectiveTo increase the success rate and decrease the complications of the surgery in penetrating keratoplasty without anterior chamber by improved surgical techniques and methods.Methods14 patients(14 eye s)without anterior chamber were performed complex penetrating keratoplasty.Conjunctival and scleral flaps were produced,the goniosynechialsis blunt dissection,cataract extraction and IOL implantation were applied with some improvement.ResultsFollowing up for 6~12 months after surgery,12 eye grafts were transparent and 2 eye grafts were semitransparent The correc ted visual acuity of all cases after sur gery were better than that of preoperati on in different degrees.The postoperativ e complications were all under control. ConclusionBasis on the improved surgical methods and results suggest that these techniques are feasible in penetrating keratoplasty without anterior chamber.The above improved surgery method has wider indica tions,less complications and higher successful rate.
Key words penetrating keratoplasty goniosynechialysis
在穿透性角膜移植术中无前房的处理尤为复杂,其包括粘连性角膜白斑致高眼压性无前房以及角膜溃疡或角膜移植术后角膜穿孔致低眼压性无前房等情况。如何减少术中术后并发症,提高植片的成活率,其手术方式的改进一直是国内外同行关注的焦点。我们总结了近1年来14例无前房的复杂性穿透性角膜移植手术的方法,现报告如下。
1 对象与方法
1.1 对象
14例均为单眼病例,男9例,女5例,年龄21~65岁。其中角膜白斑合并周边广泛前粘连继发性青光眼7例,角膜溃疡穿孔致低眼压性无前房4例,角膜移植术后角膜穿孔3例,所有病例前房均消失并存在广泛周边前粘连及后粘连。术前视力从光感到手动不等。
1.2 方法
植片的制备:11例植片取自于4℃冰箱内湿房保存的眼球材料,保存期24 h以内;3例新鲜供体眼球保存在EP保存液内,保存期为3~4天,植片直径为6.8~7.2 mm(大于植床直径0.3~0.4 mm),经内皮面冲切而成。
手术步骤:常规局部麻醉后,手术在Topcon-600型和Leica显微镜下进行。(1)缝置Flieringa环;(2)作上方球结膜瓣和巩膜瓣(常规小梁切除术切口),宝石刀刺穿前房;后房压力高者,行虹膜根部针刺放液;(3)注入粘弹剂形成前房,必要时用虹膜整复器分离前粘连,10/0的尼龙线缝合巩膜瓣1~2针;(4)根据病变范围选择环钻(角膜再移植手术者选用与原植片同样大小的环钻)钻取植床,有瞳孔前膜者剥除前膜;(5)合并白内障者,行连续环形撕囊或开罐式截囊,自植床孔娩出晶状体核,用同步注吸器吸净皮质,注入粘弹剂,囊袋内植入后房型人工晶状体;(6)将植片连续缝合于植床,林格氏液形成前房;(7)必要时行周边虹膜切除,间断缝合巩膜瓣2针,5/0丝线连续缝合球结膜。术毕,常规球结膜下注射庆大霉素和地塞米松。
[1] [2] 下一页 |