军I临床检验医学研溉江苏南翩岫2.复旦大学遗传
学研究所,上海200433;3.南京军区南京总医院眼科,江苏南京210002 摘要:
目的:报道1个涉及5代17例患者的常染色体显性先天性白内障(ADCC)大家系,并进行致病基冈的定 位。
方法:对家系中8例患者进行眼科检查后明确临床表型,并提取所有血样的基因组DNA。首先对已报道的 中国ADCC家系致病位点(9个基因的16个突变位点)进行DNA测序,然后根据已报道的17个ADCC候选基凶 和13个染色体区域,选取27个微卫星分子标记,应用LINKAGE软件进行连锁分析。
结果:8例患者均为先天性核性白内障。直接DNA测序未发现有已报道的中国家系基冈突变。所选取的27个微卫星分子标记与该家系致病基冈均不连锁。
结论:该ADCC家系致病基因不在已报道的17个ADCC候选基因和13个染色体区域,该家系巾可能存在一个新的ADCC致病基因。
关键词: 先天性白内障; 常染色体显性遗传; 连锁分析
中图分类号:R776.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1008-8199(2008)lO.1021-05Gene mapping of a large Chinese family with autosomal dominant congenital cataractXIA Xin—yil,CUI Ying—xial,JIN Li2,XIE Ping—xin92,ZHANG Fen92,YANG Binl,ZHANG Li-jin93,WANG Li-li’,XUE Chun-yan3,LI Xiao-junl,HUANG Yu—fen91(1.PLA Institute of Clinical Laboratory Medicine,School of Medicine,Nanjing University,Nanjing Gen—eral Hospital ofNanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing 210002,Jiangsu,China;2.Institute of Ge— neti岱,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;3.Department ofOphthalmology,Nanjing GeneralHospital of Nanjing Military Command,PLA,Nanjing 2 10002,Jiangsu,China)Abstract: Objeeave:To report a large Chinese family in which 17 patients over 5 generations werediagnosed as autosomal dominant congenital cataract(ADCC)and map the related genes. Methods:Ophthalmic examinations were performed to verify the clinical phenotype in 8 patients of the ADCC fam—ily and genomic DNA of all blood samples was extracted.Firstly,direct DNA sequencing was carriedout on all reported mutation points(16 points of 9 genes)in Chinese ADCC families.Then,27 microsatellitepolymorphic mal'ker8,near 17 candidate genes and 13 chromosomal loci,were selected and linkage analysis were performed with LINKAGE software package. Results:Eight patients involved inthe study were diagnosed as congenital nuclear cataract.No mutations were found in 16 points of 9genes by DNA sequencing.There was no linkage between the selected 27 marker8 and the genes causingADCC in the family. Conclusion:The causative mutation is not located on the 17 candidate genesand 13 chromosomal loci,which might suggest that a novel ADCC—related gene be responsible for thephenotype of this family.Key words: Congenital cataract; Autosomal dominant;Linkage analysis
0引言
先天性白内障是儿童常见的致盲性眼病,其发病率为0.01%~0.06%,占儿童致盲眼病的第2位。约有1/3先天性白内障是遗传性的,其遗传方式有常染色体显性、常染色体隐性和x连锁遗传3种。其中常染色体显性先天性白内障(autosomaldominant congenital cataract,ADCC)最为常见¨,2Jo迄今为止,已发现17个基因与ADCC的发生有关,包括8个晶状体蛋白基因(CRYAA、CRYAB、CRYBBl、CRYBB2、CRYBAl/A3、CRYGC、CRYGD、CRYGS)‘3—6|。3个膜蛋白基因即缝隙连接蛋白基因(伽3、GJA8)p,81和主要内源性膜蛋白基因(M1P26)一J,念珠状纤丝蛋白基因(BFSP2)¨0。,铁蛋白轻链基因(肌)[ill以及4个转录调节因子基因(MAF、PITX3、船肘、朋舶)¨2。141。另外,至少还有12个尚未鉴定出致病基因的染色体区域与ADCC连锁¨51。一般认为,收集有明确家族遗传史的大家系,进行致病基因的定位与克隆,是研究遗传病发病机制、进行遗传咨询和产前诊断预防疾病发生的关键步骤。我们现报道1个涉及5代17例患者的ADCC中国大家系,并进行致病基因定位的初步研究。
1资料和方法
1.1 研究对象一个先天性白内障大家系,来自江苏徐州地区。家系调查发现,该家系成员共计85人,患者17例(先天性白内障患者Ⅲ29为配偶,与该家系无血缘关系,故不计入其内),其中男12例,女5例(图1)。家系中所有健在成员均经全面的体格检查,并进行视力检查、散瞳裂隙灯和眼底镜检查。所有被检查的患者自诉出生后视力模糊,双眼视力均低于0.3。眼科检查发现,裂隙灯下可见晶状体混浊均位于瞳孔区。为白色圆盘状混浊,均为核性白内障,患者IV6的散瞳裂隙灯照片见图2。所有患者散瞳眼底检查无明显异常,亲代均无血缘关系。根据患者家系中男女均会发病,患者后代约1/2发病,非患者后代均正常,确定该家系的遗传方式为常染色体显性遗传,外显率100%。结合其先天性白内障的表型,诊断为ADCC。
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