作者: 李健 朱承华
【摘要】目的探讨氩激光治疗视盘新生血管型糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效。方法使用氩激光对49例65眼视盘新生血管型糖尿病视网膜病变患者行超全视网膜光凝。激光治疗后3、6、12个月行荧光眼底血管造影,新生血管未消退者追加光凝。随访3~24个月(平均10.6个月)。结果超全视网膜光凝术后视力提高12眼(18.4%),视力不变36眼(55.4%),视力下降17眼(26.2%)。49眼(75.4%)新生血管消退或部分消退,16眼(24.6%)新生血管无变化或加重。47眼(72.3%)需要补充光凝。平均激光治疗量(2 406±704)点。结论视盘新生血管型糖尿病视网膜病变较常规治疗需要更大的激光量,光凝术后应定期随访观察,必要时补充光凝。
【关键词】氩激光;超全视网膜光凝;视盘新生血管;糖尿病视网膜病变
Therapeutic effect of argon laser photocoagulation on proliferative diabetic retinopathy with disc neovascularizationLI Jian,ZHU Chenghua.Department of Ophthalmology,The First Affiliated Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing210029,China
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of argon laser photocoagulation on proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) with disc neovascularization (NVD).Methods65 eyes of 49 patients with NVD were treated with extra panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) by argon laser.The fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed at 3 months,6 months,12 months after the treatment.The further photocoagulation was complemented for the patients who remained new vessels.The followup period was 3~24 months (mean 10.6 months).ResultsAfter extra PRP,vision was improved in 12 eyes (18.4%),unchanged in 36 eyes (55.4%) and decreased in 17 eyes (26.2%).Neovascularization partly or entirely regressed in 49 eyes (75.4%),and unchanged or aggravated in 16 eyes (24.6%).Further photocoagulation was done in 47 eyes (72.3%).The average number of laser was (2406±704) points.ConclusionThe treatment for PDR with NVD should use much larger amount of laser than that of routine therapy.Regular followups must be done and further photocoagulation can be given if necessary.
【key words】Argon laser; Extra panrentinal photocoagulation; Disc neovascularization; Diabetic retinopathy
新生血管生长于视盘上的糖尿病视网膜病变较生长于视网膜其他部位的糖尿病视网膜病变更具危险性,它常常引起玻璃体出血和牵拉性视网膜脱离,导致视力严重丧失。对于此型病变,目前国内外已广泛采用激光治疗[1]。为了探讨氩激光治疗此型病变的疗效及激光参数、激光量,我们对本院治疗的49例患者进行了总结。现报告如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料2004年5月~2006年5月在我科行氩激光治疗的视盘新生血管型糖尿病视网膜病变患者49例65眼,男27例34眼,女22例31眼。年龄29~78岁,中位年龄57.6岁。糖尿病病程2~22年,中位病程12年。视力0.01~0.8,65眼中伴有玻璃体出血和(或)视网膜前出血27眼,伴有新生血管性青光眼和(或)虹膜红变3眼。术后随访3~24月,中位时间10.6个月。
1.2方法激光使用科以人公司氩绿激光,能量160~500 mW,以视网膜上出现III级灰白斑为度,光斑直径200~500 μm,曝光时间0.2~0.5 s,65眼均行超全视网膜光凝。光凝范围:除上下黄斑血管弓之间的黄斑区(约5~6 mm直径)外均光凝,尽量光凝到视网膜远周边,接近视盘边缘,光斑间隔1/2光斑直径,甚至更近,总量至少达1 500~2 500点,分3~4次完成,一般间隔1周治疗1次。
1.3观察项目激光治疗后观察视力,视网膜水肿、出血、渗出及新生血管消退等情况,光凝术后3、6、12个月行裂隙灯、眼底检查,复查荧光眼底血管造影(FFA)。根据FFA结果,新生血管未消退者可以追加光凝。视力改变以视力表上提高≥2行为提高,视力下降≥2行为下降,否则为不变。
2结果
2.1激光治疗后视力的改变在随诊期间,视力提高者12眼(18.4%),视力不变者36眼(55.4%),视力下降者17眼(26.2%)。
2.2FFA和眼底检查初次行超全视网膜光凝后,36眼(55.4%)新生血管消退或部分消退,29眼(44.6%)新生血管无变化或加重。47眼(72.3%)需一次或多次追加光凝。最终49眼(75.4%)新生血管消退或部分消退,16眼(24.6%)新生血管无变化或加重。35眼(53.8%)视网膜水肿、渗出和出血吸收或部分吸收。
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