作者:孟岩 作者单位:青岛大学医学院附属医院眼科,山东 青岛 266003
【摘要】 目的 评价近视性屈光不正与糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)程度的关系,并探讨其发生的原因。方法按照屈光不正程度将2型糖尿病病人的190只眼分为3组:正视~<-3.0 D (102只眼),-3.0~-6.0 D (56只眼),>-6.0 D (32只眼)。采用国际标准视力表检查视力;使用裂隙灯显微镜检查眼前节,托品酰胺眼液散瞳(排除高眼压后)双目间接检眼镜检查眼底。DR分期分为无DR、DR背景期和DR增殖期。结果 近视程度越高,DR病变程度反而越轻,差异有显著性(Hc=71.19,q=19.68~27.12,P<0.01)。结论 近视程度较高时,视网膜动脉系统的血流减少,DR病变程度减轻。
【关键词】 近视 糖尿病视网膜病变 屈光不正
RELATIONSHIP OF MYOPIA AND DIABETIC RETINOPATHYMENG YAN, YUAN CHUNYAN, DING YUZHI(Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266003, China) [ABSTRACT]ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship of myopia and diabetic retinopathy and to explore their pathogenic causes. MethodsEyes of the diabetic patients (n=190) were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of refraction error: <-3.0D (emmetropia, n=102),-3.0--6.0D (n=56),>-6.0D (n=32). Vision examination by international standard visual acuity chart and anterior segment of the eye by slit lamp microscope were also performed. A binocular indirect ophthalmoscope was employed to examine the fundus oculi after pupil dilation by bistropamide. Rank sum test was proceeded on the degree of refraction error and DR stages. ResultsDR was divided into three stages: no DR, background stage and proliferating stage. The degree of refraction error and DR stages were negatively correlated, the higher the myopia diopters, the slighter the DR degree, the differences between them were statistically significant (Hc=71.19, q=19.68-27.12, P<0.01). ConclusionPatients with higher myopia will have lower blood pressure in the central retinal artery which relieves diabetic retinopathy.
[KEY WORDS]myopia; diabetic retinopathy; refractive error
糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病最严重并发症之一,是全身血管病变的一部分,是当今世界上主要的致盲眼病,因其发病率高,致盲率高,已成为21世纪防盲治盲的重点[1]。近年来,随着糖尿病发病率的上升,糖尿病全身性治疗的进步和病人寿命的延长,DR的发病率和致盲率在逐年增加。在DR病人中,高度近视者DR病变程度有延缓倾向。本文对2型糖尿病病人的190只眼进行临床分析,评价近视性屈光不正程度与DR程度的关系,并探讨其发生的原因。
1 对象和方法
1.1 对象及分组
2000年1月~2004年1月,随机抽取青岛大学医学院附属医院眼科门诊及住院2型糖尿病病人190只眼,按照屈光不正程度分为3组:正视~<-3.0 D (102只眼),-3.0~-6.0 D (56只眼),>-6.0D (32只眼)。在高度近视病人中,有7例病人为单眼近视。2型糖尿病根据1985年WHO标准确诊,且病人病程均大于10年,年龄为50~78岁,平均58.43岁。
1.2 眼部检查
应用国际标准视力表检查视力;使用裂隙灯显微镜检查眼前节,托品酰胺眼液散瞳(排除高眼压后),双目间接检眼镜检查眼底。DR按文献[1]标准分为无DR、DR背景期和DR增殖期。
1.3 统计学处理
数据间比较采用秩和检验,应用SPSS 11.5统计软件进行分析。
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