中华眼科杂志 1999年第3期第35卷 青光眼
作者:王宁利 叶天才 赖铭莹 欧阳洁 曾明兵 杨成武
单位:王宁利 叶天才 欧阳洁 曾明兵(510060广州,中山医科大学中山眼科中心);杨成武(统计教研室);赖铭莹(深圳市眼科医院)
关键词:房角形态;前房角镜检查;超声生物显微镜
【摘要】 目的 比较应用超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscopy, UBM)与房角镜检查眼前房角的结果,为房角镜检查提供新的技术和资料。方法 采用双盲法分别对10例(20只眼)的眼前房角进行超声生物显微镜和裂隙灯显微镜房角镜检查,并将两种检查结果进行比较,采用等级相关法对获取的资料和结果进行统计学分析(取α=0.05)。结果 两种检查法在宽房角状态下对房角的检查结果有较好的一致性,但在窄房角状态时观察结果一致性较差,房角镜观察到的房角较UBM观察到的房角宽。在狭窄房角状态下,两种检查法在虹膜根部附着点的判别上一致性较差;在周边虹膜形态的评价上,有近1/4的患者出现观察结果不一致。结论 (1)房角镜检查由于受照明光线及操作时机械干扰的影响,所观察到的房角状态比自然状态稍宽,特别是判别房角是否为功能关闭较为困难;(2)在窄房角状态下判别虹膜根部附着点时,由于受房角可见程度的影响,房角镜所判断的附着点具有推测性;(3)在判别周边虹膜形态时,由于受虹膜表面不规则形态的影响,用房角镜检查有时将出现判别误差。
Comparison of results of chamber angle examination by ultrasound biomicroscopy and gonioscopy WANG Ningli, YE Tiancai, LAI Mingying, et al. Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sun University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510060
【Abstract】 Objective To compare the consistency of the chamber angles examined by ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM) and gonioscope and provide gonioscopic examination with new methods and technology.Methods 10 patients (20 eyes) were selected for the research. The same eyes were examined by UBM and gonioscope in turns. The results from the two methods were compared and the data were analyzed with Spearman correlation test.Results The results of two methods of chamber angle examination were well consistent when the angle was wide, but the consistency was not good when it was narrow. The angle examined by a gonioscope was wider than that by UBM. When the iris root insertion was evaluated in a narrow angle, the consistency was also not good, and when the peripheral iris morphology was evaluated, there were almost inconsistent results in one-fourth of the patients.Conclusions The results of chamber angle examined by a gonioscope show a little wider than its natural status. Especially, it is difficult to distinguish the functional closure from the adhesive closure. Under the influence of light, the determination of iris root insertion by a gonioscope has a sense of conjecture. When peripheral iris morphology is evaluated, the influence of irregular iris might result in a wrong conclusion. Therefore, the technique of gonioscopic examination should be improved.
【Key words】 Chamber angle morphology Gonioscopy Ultrasound biomicroscope
超声生物显微镜(ultrasound biomicroscopy, UBM)作为一种高频超声成像技术,为活体人眼前段解剖结构,特别是房角及与房角相关的解剖结构的实时观察、测量,提供了一种新的手段[1]。由于UBM在进行房角观察时所使用的探测能源、观察手段不同于传统的房角镜检查法,所以有必要对UBM这一新的房角检查法与传统的房角镜检查法进行比较,以便对所获得的房角检查结果进行客观评价,并指导传统房角镜检查技术和结果的分析。
资料和方法
1.对象:选择我院眼科门诊10例(20只眼)瞳孔和虹膜无异常患者,其中男、女各5例,年龄20~65岁。
2.仪器:Haag-steit900型裂隙灯显微镜和Goldman房角镜;超声生物显微镜为美国Humphery公司产品,扫描频率为50mHz,扫描深度和范围为5mm×5mm,分辨率50μm,扫描速度8幅图/s。
3.房角镜检查方法:采用双盲法进行,由一名专家负责进行裂隙灯显微镜下房角镜检查,并将检查结果按上、下、鼻、颞侧4个象限分别进行记录。采用Scheie分级系统进行静态房角分级,采用Spaeth房角分级系统对房角的以下参数进行分级记录:(1)将虹膜形态分为规则(r),膨隆(s),凹陷(q);(2)房角入口定义为小梁-角膜平面和房角隐窝处虹膜平面假想线的交角,分为0°,10°,20°,30°,40°;(3)虹膜根部附着点位置:C示巩膜突,D示睫状体带前部,E示睫状体带后部。
4.UBM房角检查方法:在未知房角镜检查结果条件下由另一专家进行检查,每只眼均扫描上、下、鼻、颞侧4个象限,采用Spaeth法进行分级记录。由于UBM可清楚地观察到巩膜突这一相对固定的解剖标志,所以我们将巩膜突定义为房角的顶点,巩膜突前500μm角膜内皮面点与巩膜突的连线为一边线,巩膜突前500μm角膜内皮面点的相应虹膜面点与巩膜突间的连线为另一边线,以巩膜突为顶点的此两线间的夹角即为房角入口。
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