【关键词】 视网膜母细胞瘤;神经元特异性烯醇化酶;酸性钙结合蛋白;胶质纤维酸性蛋白;免疫组化
WANG Hongxia1, WANG Pengcheng2
(1. Department of Pathology, Jinan Second People′s Hospital, Jinan 250001, China;
2. Department of Pathology, Jinan Forth People′s Hospital, Jinan 250031, China)
To explore the expression of neuron specific enolaes (NSE), S protein(S100) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) in retinoblastoma(Rb) and its clinical significance. Method The NSE, S100 and GFAP levels were determined in 32 cases of eyeball excision by immunohistochemistry, and the relation between their expressions and tumor differentiation and clinical stage were analyzed. Results The Rb pathological stage was not identical to the clinical stage. The immunohistochemistry results showed that NSE was positive in both differentiated and undifferentiated Rb, S100 and GFAP were negative in undifferentiated Rb, but S100 and GFAP were positive in nerve fibers and nerve glial cells among the high differentiated Rb. Conclusions Calcification is one of the features of Rb. Tumor necrosis is associated with its differentiation degree. There are positive NSE neuron cells in Rb, and S100 and GFAP double positive nerve glial cells in the high differentiated Rb.
Key words: Retinoblastoma; Neuron specific enolaes; S protein100; Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Immunohistochemistry 视网膜母细胞瘤(retinoblastoma, Rb)起源于胚胎型视网膜细胞,为婴幼儿常见的一种恶性肿瘤,具有家族遗传倾向,多发生于5岁以下。相关的临床分析已有许多报道[12],但涉及神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolaes, NSE)、酸性钙结合蛋白(S protein,S100)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP)在视网膜母细胞瘤中表达及临床意义的报道较少。我们结合病理检查,通过免疫组化检测NSE、S100及GFAP在视网膜母细胞瘤中的表达,分析其与临床及病理分期的关系。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 视网膜母细胞瘤标本取自济南市第二人民医院2006年1月至2007年10月间32例手术患者,其中男18例,女14例,3个月~8岁。<3岁13例(40.63%),3~5岁14例(43.75%),>5岁5例(15.62%)。肿瘤发生于左眼21例,右眼11例。从发现症状到就诊时间<6个月的13例,1~2年19例。
1.2 免疫组化染色 手术摘除的眼球常规病理石蜡切片,HE染色。每份标本选择3张石蜡切片,经二甲苯及梯度酒精脱蜡至水,过氧化氢灭活其中的酶,分别加入兔抗人NSE、S100和GFAP抗体(福建迈新生物工程公司),37?℃、1?h后加入辣根过氧化物酶标记的二抗(羊抗兔IgGHRP),DAB显色,光镜观察并拍照。
2 结 果
2.1 一般情况 临床术前分期为眼内期11例(34.38%),青光眼期17例(53.12%),眼外期4例(12.50%),临床情况与文献报告[3]差异不大。
2.2 病理分型 32例Rb中,未分化型29例(90.63%),镜下瘤细胞小,为圆、椭圆、多边或不规则形,核大呈圆、椭圆形,深染,胞浆极少,呈弥漫性分布,0类似淋巴细胞,常伴瘤细胞坏死及钙质沉着;分化型(神经上皮型)3例(9.37%),瘤细胞呈高柱状或楔状,似神经排列,呈菊花团状,中央有一空腔,核较小,界膜形成,肿瘤血管周围有时可见胶质细胞,成堆类,神经节细胞或穿插肿瘤间神经纤维等;但实际上两型往往有混杂。
2.3 病理分期与临床分期的差异 临床分0期为眼内期11例,病理诊断只有5例相符,符合率为45.45%;而临床错归为眼内期的6例,青光眼期2例,眼外期4例。临床分期为青光眼17例,病理诊断只有8例相符,符合率为25.00%;错归为青光眼期的9例均为眼外期。临床分期为眼外期的4例,病理诊断亦为眼外期。
2.4 免疫组化染色 29例未分化型Rb中NSE染色均呈阳性,GFAP和S100染色均呈阴性(图1)。3例高分化型Rb中一些菊形团瘤细胞胞浆NSE染色呈弱阳性,GFAP和S100染色均呈阳性,显色的细胞不是肿瘤细胞,而是肿瘤中的成堆神经节或胶质细胞、瘤间神经纤维等(图2)。
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